Emergency Preparedness Merit Badge

The Emergency Preparedness merit badge is a key part of the Scouts BSA program. It teaches Scouts how to be ready for all kinds of emergencies. By working on this badge, Scouts learn important skills that can help them and others in tough situations. They also become more confident in their ability to handle unexpected events.

One of the main benefits of earning the Emergency Preparedness merit badge is learning how to stay safe. Scouts discover the steps to take before, during, and after an emergency. This knowledge is crucial, not only for Scouts but for their families and communities too. Scouts become leaders who can guide others in times of need.

This merit badge also encourages Scouts to think ahead and be proactive. They learn about prevention and planning, which are important parts of dealing with emergencies. By understanding what causes emergencies and how to reduce risks, Scouts can help prevent some emergencies from happening.

Finally, working on the Emergency Preparedness merit badge helps Scouts develop teamwork and leadership skills. They learn to work together with others to prepare for and respond to emergencies. These skills are valuable throughout life, helping Scouts succeed in many different situations.

Either the Emergency Preparedness merit badge OR the Lifesaving merit badge is required for the rank of Eagle Scout. Scouts who earn both badges may count the second badge as an elective.

Download the Emergency Preparedness Merit Badge Requirements

Emergency Preparedness Merit Badge Workbook / Worksheet

Emergency Preparedness Merit Badge Check Off Sheet

Checklist for All Merit Badges

Help with Answers for Emergency Preparedness Merit Badge Requirements

Find specific helps for some of the Emergency Preparedness merit badge requirements listed below. Some of these resources will just give the answers. Others will provide engaging ways for older Scouts to introduce these concepts to new Scouts.

Helps and Answers for the First Aid Merit Badge

To start earning the Emergency Preparedness merit badge, you must first complete the First Aid merit badge. First Aid is crucial for emergency preparedness because it equips you with the skills to assist others in urgent situations. Knowing how to handle injuries effectively can make a significant difference in emergency scenarios. This resource for the First Aid merit badge offers helpful guides and documents that make learning First Aid skills easier. It’s a useful tool for mastering the skills you’ll need to respond to emergencies effectively.

Aspects of Emergency Preparedness

For the Emergency Preparedness merit badge, Requirement 1a focuses on discussing five key aspects of emergency preparedness with your counselor: Prevention, Protection, Mitigation, Response, and Recovery. Here’s what each means and why they are important:

Prevention: This involves taking steps to prevent emergencies from happening. Questions to consider include: How can we reduce the risk of fires in our home? What can we do to avoid accidents on camping trips? Preventing emergencies helps reduce the chances of facing dangerous situations.

Protection: Protection is about keeping people and property safe during an emergency. Think about what kind of safety equipment might be needed, such as smoke detectors or fire extinguishers, and how to use them properly.

Mitigation: Mitigation means reducing the impact of an emergency if it does happen. This includes having plans in place, like evacuation routes or places to take shelter. Ask yourself: What plans can we make to lessen damage during an earthquake?

Response: This refers to how you act during an emergency. Key questions include: What are the first steps to take in a flood? Who should we call for help? Effective response saves lives and helps control the situation.

Recovery: Recovery is about getting back to normal after an emergency. Consider what might be needed to rebuild or replace what was lost and how to support affected people emotionally.

Discussing these aspects helps Scouts be better prepared for any emergency, fulfilling a crucial part of the Emergency Preparedness merit badge.

Key Steps in Emergency Preparedness

For the Emergency Preparedness merit badge, requirement 2b asks Scouts to apply the five aspects of emergency preparedness (prevention, protection, mitigation, response, and recovery) to different emergency situations.

Home Kitchen Fire

For the Emergency Preparedness merit badge, here’s how each aspect of emergency preparedness applies to a home kitchen fire:

• Prevention: Ensure appliances are in good working order and never leave cooking unattended to help prevent kitchen fires.
• Protection: Install smoke detectors and keep a fire extinguisher accessible to protect against the spread of a kitchen fire.
• Mitigation: Have clear escape routes and practice fire drills to reduce the impact of a kitchen fire.
• Response: If a fire occurs, use the fire extinguisher or baking soda for grease fires, and evacuate if necessary.
• Recovery: After the fire, assess and repair damage to the kitchen and review what caused the fire to improve future fire safety.

Home basement/storage room/garage fire

For the Emergency Preparedness merit badge, here’s how each aspect of emergency preparedness applies to a fire in a home basement, storage room, or garage:

• Prevention: Regularly inspect and maintain electrical systems and store flammable materials safely to prevent fires.
• Protection: Install smoke alarms and keep fire extinguishers within easy reach to protect residents and property.
• Mitigation: Organize and declutter storage areas to reduce fire load and ensure clear escape routes.
• Response: If a fire occurs, immediately use a fire extinguisher if safe, close doors to contain the fire, and evacuate the premises.
• Recovery: After the fire, assess and repair structural damage, replace destroyed items, and review safety practices to prevent future fires.

Explosion in the home

For the Emergency Preparedness merit badge, addressing each aspect of emergency preparedness for a home explosion involves the following actions:

• Prevention: Regularly check and maintain household gas lines and storage of volatile chemicals to prevent explosions.
• Protection: Install gas detectors and ensure robust emergency communication plans are in place to protect occupants.
• Mitigation: Reinforce structures where possible and educate household members on explosion risks and emergency procedures to lessen potential damage.
• Response: In the event of an explosion, immediately evacuate the area, call emergency services, and provide first aid where necessary.
• Recovery: Assess and repair structural damage, seek trauma support if needed, and investigate the cause to prevent future incidents.

Automobile crash

For the Emergency Preparedness merit badge, here’s how each aspect of emergency preparedness applies to an automobile crash:

• Prevention: Practice defensive driving, maintain your vehicle regularly, and obey traffic laws to prevent crashes.
• Protection: Wear seat belts at all times and use car seats for children to protect occupants in the event of a crash.
• Mitigation: Keep an emergency kit in your car, including a first aid kit and flares, to reduce the impact if a crash occurs.
• Response: Call emergency services immediately after a crash, check for injuries, and apply first aid if trained and necessary.
• Recovery: After a crash, seek medical care for any injuries, contact insurance companies, and consider legal advice to recover losses and manage the aftermath effectively.

Food-borne disease (food poisoning)

For the Emergency Preparedness merit badge, here’s how each aspect of emergency preparedness applies to food-borne disease (food poisoning):

• Prevention: Practice proper food handling, storage, and cooking techniques to prevent food contamination.
• Protection: Educate family members about safe food practices and ensure that everyone understands the importance of cleanliness in food preparation.
• Mitigation: Keep a list of emergency contacts, such as poison control, and know the nearest medical facility for quick access if someone shows symptoms of food poisoning.
• Response: If food poisoning is suspected, seek medical advice immediately, and ensure the person stays hydrated.
• Recovery: Follow medical advice for treatment and rest, discard any suspected contaminated food, and review food preparation practices to prevent future incidents.

Fire or explosion in a public place

For the Emergency Preparedness merit badge, addressing each aspect of emergency preparedness for a fire or explosion in a public place involves the following actions:

• Prevention: Ensure that public spaces comply with fire safety regulations, including proper storage of flammable materials and maintaining clear exits.
• Protection: Install and maintain smoke detectors, fire suppression systems, and provide easy access to fire extinguishers to protect occupants and property.
• Mitigation: Designate and clearly mark evacuation routes and safe areas to reduce chaos and injuries during an emergency.
• Response: Execute emergency plans swiftly, using the public address system to guide evacuation and contacting emergency services immediately.
• Recovery: Assess and repair damage, provide support to affected individuals, and review and improve emergency response plans based on the incident analysis.

Vehicle stalled in the desert

For the Emergency Preparedness merit badge, addressing each aspect of emergency preparedness for a vehicle stalled in the desert involves the following actions:

• Prevention: Regularly maintain your vehicle and check fluid levels, especially before a long drive in remote areas, to prevent breakdowns.
• Protection: Carry essential survival supplies such as water, sunscreen, and a shade device in your vehicle to protect against harsh desert conditions.
• Mitigation: Have a plan for communication in areas without cell service, like satellite phones or GPS trackers, to mitigate risks when stranded.
• Response: Stay with your vehicle to make it easier for rescuers to find you and use emergency signaling tools if necessary.
• Recovery: After rescue, ensure your vehicle is safely recovered and serviced, and evaluate what went wrong to better prepare for future trips.

Vehicle trapped in a blizzard

For the Emergency Preparedness merit badge, addressing each aspect of emergency preparedness for a vehicle trapped in a blizzard involves the following actions:

• Prevention: Monitor weather reports closely and avoid traveling during severe winter storms to prevent becoming trapped.
• Protection: Keep winter emergency supplies in your vehicle, such as thermal blankets, warm clothing, and a heat source, to protect against cold exposure.
• Mitigation: Inform someone of your travel plans and expected arrival time so help can be sent if you do not arrive as scheduled, reducing the impact of being stranded.
• Response: Stay with your vehicle, use it for shelter, and display a distress signal to aid rescuers.
• Recovery: After the storm, seek necessary medical attention if needed and report to your emergency contact to update them on your status; also, assess what could be improved in your emergency kit.

Earthquake or tsunami

For the Emergency Preparedness merit badge, addressing each aspect of emergency preparedness for an earthquake or tsunami involves the following actions:

• Prevention: Secure heavy furniture and items in your home to prevent them from falling and causing injury during an earthquake.
• Protection: Ensure that all family members know safe spots in each room under sturdy furniture or against an interior wall away from windows to protect themselves during shaking.
• Mitigation: Have an evacuation plan in place for a tsunami, especially if you live in a coastal area, to quickly move to higher ground after an earthquake.
• Response: Drop, cover, and hold on during an earthquake; evacuate to higher ground if a tsunami warning follows.
• Recovery: After the initial danger has passed, check for injuries, use your emergency supplies, and stay informed through emergency services about aftershocks or additional waves.

Mountain/backcountry accident

For the Emergency Preparedness merit badge, addressing each aspect of emergency preparedness for a mountain or backcountry accident involves the following actions:

• Prevention: Always plan your route, inform someone of your travel plans, and carry a map and compass to prevent getting lost or injured.
• Protection: Wear appropriate gear for the terrain and weather conditions, and carry a personal locator beacon or a satellite phone for protection in remote areas.
• Mitigation: Take a wilderness first aid course to mitigate the severity of potential injuries and know how to respond effectively in emergencies.
• Response: Administer first aid as needed, use signaling devices for help, and create a shelter if extended exposure is expected.
• Recovery: After being rescued, seek professional medical evaluation and treatment for any injuries and debrief to learn from the experience and improve future preparedness.

Boating or water accident

For the Emergency Preparedness merit badge, addressing each aspect of emergency preparedness for a boating or water accident involves the following actions:

• Prevention: Regularly maintain your boat and check weather conditions before heading out to prevent accidents.
• Protection: Wear life jackets at all times and ensure all safety equipment is accessible and functional to protect everyone on board.
• Mitigation: Educate all passengers about boating safety and emergency procedures to reduce panic and enhance effective response if an accident occurs.
• Response: In the event of an accident, immediately use flares or emergency signals and try to keep the boat stable and passengers calm.
• Recovery: After the accident, report the incident to the appropriate authorities, seek necessary medical attention, and review what could be improved to prevent future accidents.

Gas leak in a home or a building

For the Emergency Preparedness merit badge, addressing each aspect of emergency preparedness for a gas leak in a home or building involves the following actions:

• Prevention: Install gas detectors in your home and conduct regular inspections and maintenance on all gas appliances to prevent leaks.
• Protection: Educate all household members on how to recognize the smell of gas and the proper steps to take if a leak is suspected, such as not using electrical switches or open flames.
• Mitigation: Have an emergency plan that includes immediate evacuation and a meeting point outside the home to reduce risks in the event of a leak.
• Response: If a gas leak is detected, evacuate the area immediately, do not turn on any electrical switches, and call emergency services from a safe distance.
• Recovery: Once cleared by professionals, ventilate the area well before re-entering, have the leak professionally repaired, and review and update safety procedures to prevent future leaks.

 Tornado or hurricane

For the Emergency Preparedness merit badge, addressing each aspect of emergency preparedness for a tornado or hurricane involves the following actions:

• Prevention: Stay informed about weather conditions and warnings through reliable sources to anticipate severe storms.
• Protection: Reinforce your home to withstand high winds and flying debris, and have a designated safe room or area for shelter.
• Mitigation: Develop a comprehensive emergency plan that includes evacuation routes and emergency supplies, which can help reduce the impact of the storm.
• Response: During a tornado or hurricane, seek shelter immediately in the safest part of your home, away from windows, and monitor emergency broadcasts.
• Recovery: After the storm, assess and document damages for insurance purposes, begin clean-up and repairs safely, and seek assistance from local authorities or disaster relief services.

Major flooding or a flash flood

For the Emergency Preparedness merit badge, addressing each aspect of emergency preparedness for major flooding or a flash flood involves the following actions:

• Prevention: Stay informed about local weather conditions and river levels, especially during heavy rain seasons, to anticipate potential flooding.
• Protection: Elevate electrical systems and appliances in your home, and use sandbags to block water from entering through doors and windows to protect your property.
• Mitigation: Know your area’s flood risk and have an evacuation plan ready, including a list of essential items to take with you, to minimize impacts in case of sudden flooding.
• Response: If a flood warning is issued, evacuate immediately to higher ground, and avoid walking or driving through floodwaters.
• Recovery: After waters recede, inspect your property for damage, document any losses for insurance claims, and clean up with safety precautions to prevent mold and contamination.

 Toxic chemical spills and releases

For the Emergency Preparedness merit badge, addressing each aspect of emergency preparedness for toxic chemical spills and releases involves the following actions:

• Prevention: Properly store and handle chemicals with care, and ensure that all containers are securely sealed to prevent accidental spills.
• Protection: Have appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) available, such as gloves and respirators, and ensure that everyone knows how to use them correctly.
• Mitigation: Establish clear procedures for containing spills safely if they occur, including having absorbent materials and neutralizing agents readily available.
• Response: If a chemical spill occurs, evacuate the area immediately, notify the proper authorities, and follow the emergency response plan without attempting to clean up unless trained to do so.
• Recovery: After the situation is stabilized and cleared by professionals, conduct a thorough decontamination of the affected area and review procedures to prevent future incidents.

Nuclear power plant emergency

For the Emergency Preparedness merit badge, addressing each aspect of emergency preparedness for a nuclear power plant emergency involves the following actions:

• Prevention: Ensure strict adherence to safety protocols and regular maintenance at the nuclear facility to prevent accidents.
• Protection: Have an emergency notification system in place to alert nearby communities promptly, and distribute potassium iodide tablets as a protective measure against radiation exposure.
• Mitigation: Develop community evacuation plans and radiation shelter strategies to reduce potential exposure and chaos during an emergency.
• Response: If an emergency is declared, follow official instructions, evacuate if advised, and avoid consuming contaminated food and water.
• Recovery: After the incident, monitor for environmental contamination, participate in health screenings, and implement a long-term area cleanup plan under expert guidance.

Avalanche (snowslide or rockslide)

For the Emergency Preparedness merit badge, addressing each aspect of emergency preparedness for an avalanche (snowslide or rockslide) involves the following actions:

• Prevention: Stay informed about current weather conditions and avoid areas known for frequent avalanches or rockslides when conditions are unfavorable.
• Protection: Wear appropriate safety gear such as helmets and carry avalanche transceivers when traveling in avalanche-prone areas.
• Mitigation: Learn and practice how to reduce risks while traveling in mountainous or steep terrain, such as by choosing safer routes and understanding snowpack conditions.
• Response: If caught in an avalanche or rockslide, attempt to move to the side, create an air pocket if buried, and use a whistle or transceiver to signal for help.
• Recovery: After the event, seek medical attention for any injuries, participate in search and rescue operations if safe, and evaluate the event to improve future preparedness and response strategies.

Violence in a public place

For the Emergency Preparedness merit badge, addressing each aspect of emergency preparedness for violence in a public place involves the following actions:

• Prevention: Encourage awareness and vigilance, report suspicious behavior, and support security measures such as surveillance systems in public areas to prevent acts of violence.
• Protection: Know the locations of exits and safe rooms in public spaces, and participate in active shooter or emergency response trainings to enhance personal safety.
• Mitigation: Establish clear communication channels and emergency protocols in public venues to quickly manage and reduce the impact of a violent incident.
• Response: Follow the “Run, Hide, Fight” protocol in the event of violence: evacuate if possible, hide if escape isn’t safe, and as a last resort, defend yourself.
• Recovery: After an incident, seek emotional and psychological support through counseling, participate in community healing events, and review security practices to improve future safety.

Preparing Your Family for Emergencies

Home Kitchen Fire

• Kit: Include a fire extinguisher, baking soda, and a fire blanket in your emergency kit.
• Plan: Establish a clear escape route and designate a safe meeting point outside the home.
• Stay Informed: Regularly check and maintain smoke detectors and educate all family members on how to use fire safety equipment.

Home Basement/Storage Room/Garage Fire

• Kit: Store fire extinguishers at accessible points around high-risk areas like garages or basements.
• Plan: Ensure everyone knows multiple escape routes and conducts regular fire drills.
• Stay Informed: Keep the area free of clutter and check the condition of stored items periodically.

Explosion in the Home

• Kit: Include protective gear like hard hats and eye protection in your emergency kit.
• Plan: Create a plan that includes turning off the gas and electrical mains and quick evacuation routes.
• Stay Informed: Regular inspections of home utilities and proper storage of flammable materials can prevent explosions.

Automobile Crash

• Kit: Equip your car with a first aid kit, emergency flares, and a seatbelt cutter.
• Plan: Have emergency contacts in your phone and know the basics of first aid.
• Stay Informed: Regular vehicle maintenance and safe driving courses can help avoid accidents.

Food-borne Disease (Food Poisoning)

• Kit: Keep a list of emergency contacts, including local poison control and a thermometer to check food temperatures.
• Plan: Educate family on symptoms of food poisoning and when to seek medical help.
• Stay Informed: Practice safe food handling and regularly update knowledge on food safety.

Fire or Explosion in a Public Place

• Kit: Carry personal items like a small fire mask or smoke hood.
• Plan: Know the emergency exits of frequently visited public places and have a reunification plan with family members.
• Stay Informed: Pay attention to public safety announcements and participate in safety drills.

Vehicle Stalled in the Desert

• Kit: Include water, sun protection, and emergency signaling tools.
• Plan: Plan routes carefully and let someone know your itinerary.
• Stay Informed: Learn about vehicle maintenance and the specifics of desert survival.

Vehicle Trapped in a Blizzard

• Kit: Pack extra blankets, a shovel, and heat sources like hand warmers.
• Plan: Always check the weather before travel and have a plan for staying put until help arrives.
• Stay Informed: Keep a charger in your car and stay in touch with weather updates.

Earthquake or Tsunami

• Kit: Store a disaster supply kit with essentials like water, food, and sturdy shoes.
• Plan: Practice “Drop, Cover, and Hold On” drills and have evacuation routes to higher ground.
• Stay Informed: Understand local siren warnings and have a battery-powered radio for updates.

Mountain/Backcountry Accident

• Kit: Include a map, compass, first aid kit, and emergency shelter.
• Plan: Always travel with a partner and let someone know your route and return time.
• Stay Informed: Take wilderness survival and first aid courses.

Boating or Water Accident

• Kit: Equip your boat with life jackets, flares, and a waterproof bag for electronics.
• Plan: Know how to send a distress signal and have planned responses for man-overboard situations.
• Stay Informed: Regularly check weather conditions and understand local boating laws.

Gas Leak in a Home or a Building

• Kit: Have a wrench to turn off gas and battery-operated alarms that detect gas.
• Plan: Know how to shut off gas and electricity without causing sparks.
• Stay Informed: Educate the family on the smell of gas and immediate actions to take if a leak is suspected.

Tornado or Hurricane

• Kit: Prepare a kit with essentials like water, non-perishable food, and sturdy clothing.
• Plan: Identify a safe room or storm shelter in your home.
• Stay Informed: Monitor weather updates and know the difference between a watch and a warning.

Major Flooding or a Flash Flood

• Kit: Have a ‘go bag’ ready with important documents, medications, and emergency supplies.
• Plan: Know the quickest route to high ground and plan for rapid evacuation.
• Stay Informed: Sign up for community alert systems and keep an eye on local weather reports.

Toxic Chemical Spills and Releases

• Kit: Include protective clothing and masks capable of filtering contaminants.
• Plan: Learn shelter-in-place procedures and have materials to seal off ventilation.
• Stay Informed: Know

Handling Electrical Emergencies Safely

For the Emergency Preparedness merit badge, requirement 3a focuses on safely rescuing someone from specific dangerous situations, including when someone is touching a live household electric wire. Handling this scenario correctly is crucial to ensure both your safety and the victim’s.

1. Do Not Touch: Never touch the person or the wire directly. Electricity can travel through them to you.
2. Cut Power Source: If possible, immediately turn off the power at the circuit breaker or fuse box to stop the flow of electricity. This is the safest way to help.
3. Use Non-Conductive Materials: If you cannot turn off the power, use an object made of rubber, plastic, or wood to push the wire away from the person or to move the person away from the wire. Ensure that you are standing on a dry, non-conductive surface during this action.
4. Call for Help: Once the person is free from the electric source, call emergency services right away. Do not attempt medical treatment beyond what is safe and necessary until professional help arrives.
5. CPR: If you are trained in CPR and the person is unresponsive and not breathing, begin CPR only after ensuring there is no active electrical hazard.

Understanding and practicing these steps can help Scouts manage electrical emergencies effectively and safely, fulfilling a critical component of the Emergency Preparedness merit badge.

Responding to Carbon Monoxide Incidents

In the Emergency Preparedness merit badge, requirement 3b addresses how to safely rescue someone from a structure filled with carbon monoxide without putting yourself at risk. Carbon monoxide (CO) is a colorless, odorless gas that can be deadly if inhaled in large quantities, making it essential to handle such situations with extreme caution.

1. Recognize the Danger: Understand that carbon monoxide is invisible and can cause serious health problems quickly. Symptoms of CO poisoning include headache, dizziness, weakness, nausea, vomiting, chest pain, and confusion.
2. Avoid Entry: Do not enter the structure if you suspect a carbon monoxide buildup. You cannot see or smell CO, so entering the area can put you at immediate risk.
3. Call for Help: Immediately contact emergency services. Inform them that you suspect carbon monoxide poisoning so they can come prepared with the right equipment.
4. Ventilate from a Distance: If possible, open doors or windows from the outside to help disperse the gas, but only if you can do so without entering the building.
5. Prepare for Evacuation: Once emergency responders arrive, they will have the necessary equipment to safely enter the building and perform a rescue. Be ready to help with information such as the layout of the home and the likely location of the individuals inside.
6. Post-Rescue Care: After the person is removed from the CO environment, emergency personnel will administer oxygen if needed and transport the victim to a medical facility for further treatment.

Training in recognizing and responding to carbon monoxide emergencies is vital for completing the Emergency Preparedness merit badge and equips Scouts with knowledge to handle real-life situations effectively and safely.

Responding to Clothing Fires

For the Emergency Preparedness merit badge, requirement 3c teaches Scouts how to safely help someone whose clothes are on fire without endangering themselves. This scenario requires quick, calm action to prevent severe injuries or worse.

1. Stop the Person from Running: Running can make the flames worse. Calmly instruct the person to stop moving.
2. Drop and Roll: Encourage the person to drop to the ground and roll back and forth until the flames are extinguished. Rolling smothers the fire by cutting off the oxygen it needs to keep burning.
3. Smother the Flames: If rolling doesn’t put out the fire, or the person is unable to roll, use a non-flammable material like a heavy jacket, blanket, or fire blanket to smother the flames. Do not use anything made of synthetic material as it can melt and cause further injury.
4. Keep Your Distance from the Flames: While helping, ensure you maintain a safe distance from the actual flames. Use the blanket or jacket as a shield between you and the fire.
5. Call for Emergency Help: Once the fire is out, call emergency services immediately. Burns can be severe even after the fire is gone.
6. Treat for Shock and Burns: While waiting for emergency services, help the person stay calm. Cover them with a blanket to maintain body heat and don’t apply any creams, ointments, or ice to the burns.

Learning these steps is crucial for Scouts earning the Emergency Preparedness merit badge. It equips them with the knowledge to handle a dangerous situation effectively while minimizing risk to themselves.

Nonswimming Rescue Techniques for Drowning

In the Emergency Preparedness merit badge, requirement 3d focuses on how to safely rescue someone from drowning when you cannot swim to them, including scenarios involving accidents on ice. This is crucial because water rescues can be extremely dangerous, especially when the rescuer is not a strong swimmer or when the water conditions are hazardous.

1. Reach: If the person is close to the shore or edge, use a long object like a branch, pole, or rope to reach out to them. Lie down if necessary to avoid being pulled in, and have the person grab the object to be pulled to safety.
2. Throw: If the person is too far to reach, throw them a life-saving device such as a life ring, rope, or even a floating object. Aim the object close enough that they can grab it easily.
3. Talk: Give clear, calm instructions to help keep the person calm. Guide them on how to use the thrown or reached object to aid their rescue.
4. Tow: If the person is unresponsive and you have a rope, you can attempt to loop it around them and gently pull them in, being very careful not to cause injury.
5. Call for Help: Always yell for help immediately or call emergency services. Time is critical in drowning situations.
6. Ice Rescues: If someone has fallen through ice, do not attempt to go onto the ice yourself. Instead, use the “reach or throw” techniques from a safe position on solid ground. Instruct the person to kick their legs while you pull, which can help them get horizontal and slide out of the water.

Training and practicing these nonswimming rescue methods are vital components of earning the Emergency Preparedness merit badge and provide Scouts with the skills necessary to effectively respond to water emergencies without putting their own lives at risk.

Signaling for Help in the Wilderness

In the Emergency Preparedness merit badge, requirement 4 teaches Scouts effective methods for attracting and communicating with rescue planes or aircraft in emergency situations. Knowing how to signal effectively can greatly increase the chances of being spotted and rescued from remote or difficult-to-reach areas.

• Use of Signal Mirrors: Signal mirrors can reflect sunlight and create flashes that can be seen from great distances, including by aircraft. The key is to aim the reflection towards the aircraft using the sight hole in the center of the mirror, flashing in an SOS pattern if possible.
• Creating Ground Signals: Use brightly colored or high-contrast materials to create large symbols on the ground that can be easily seen from the air. Standard distress signals include the letters “SOS” or “X” marked out with rocks, logs, or clothing. Make sure the signal is in a clear, open area to increase visibility.
• Using Flares or Smoke Signals: Flares can attract attention during both day and night, while smoke signals are effective during the daylight hours. If you have a flare gun, shoot flares directly upwards or in the direction of the nearest known or likely aircraft path. For smoke signals, use wet leaves or branches with your fire to create a thick smoke plume that is visible from above.

These signaling techniques are essential skills for Scouts working on the Emergency Preparedness merit badge. Practicing these methods can help ensure that in a real emergency, Scouts are prepared and capable of effectively communicating their need for help to rescue personnel.

Safely Transporting an Injured Person

Emergency Preparedness Merit Badge: Safely Transporting an Injured Person

In the Emergency Preparedness merit badge, requirement 5 teaches Scouts how to effectively and safely transport an injured person out of a remote or rugged area. This skill is crucial for ensuring the well-being of the injured while also conserving the energy and safety of the rescuers.

Two-Person Carry Technique:

1. Prepare the Injured Person: First, assess the injured person’s condition to ensure that moving them won’t exacerbate their injuries. Immobilize any fractures using splints, and provide basic first aid as needed.
2. Two Person Seat Carry
   • Position the victim on their back
   • Stand on opposite sides of the victim’s hips and kneel
   • Pass one arm under the victim’s back and the other arm under their thigh
   • Interlock your arms with the other person’s arms
   • Squat down and have the victim sit on your hands
   • Put their arms around your shoulders
3. Carrying the Injured Person:
   • Move slowly and steadily, maintaining communication between the two rescuers to ensure the load is balanced and the movement is coordinated.
   • Choose the clearest path possible to minimize the risk of further injury or falls.
4. Conserve Energy:
   • Take frequent but short breaks to rest and check on the injured person’s condition.
   • Switch carrying positions if necessary to manage fatigue.
5. Monitor the Injured:
   • Continuously monitor the injured person for any signs of distress or worsening of their condition.
   • Adjust the carry technique if the injured person is in pain or if their condition changes.

This method ensures that the injured person is securely supported and reduces the physical strain on the rescuers, making it possible to move the injured safely over potentially challenging terrain. This skill not only fulfills a requirement of the Emergency Preparedness merit badge but also equips Scouts with valuable life-saving techniques that can be critical in real-world situations.

Understanding NIMS/ICS

For the Emergency Preparedness merit badge, requirement 6 dives deep into how structured responses are organized during emergencies. This understanding is crucial for effective participation in disaster response efforts.

National Incident Management System (NIMS): NIMS provides a comprehensive approach to guide departments and agencies at all levels of government, nongovernmental organizations, and the private sector to work together during domestic incidents. The purpose is to ensure that emergency management responders across the country can work together during wide-scale emergencies.

Incident Command System (ICS): ICS is a standardized approach to the command, control, and coordination of emergency response providing a common hierarchy within which responders from multiple agencies can be effective. ICS is used to manage any emergency or planned event from fires to presidential visits.

Scout Assistance

Understanding NIMS and ICS enables Scouts to be valuable assets during emergencies, ensuring they contribute effectively without disrupting the coordinated efforts of professional responders. This not only helps the community but also fosters a sense of responsibility and preparedness among the Scouts for the Emergency Preparedness merit badge.

Government and Community Agencies: Agencies typically involved in emergency responses similar to those managed under NIMS/ICS include local fire departments, police, emergency medical services, and emergency management agencies. Federal agencies like FEMA (Federal Emergency Management Agency) also play a crucial role, especially in large-scale disasters.

How Scouts Can Assist: Scouts can be immensely helpful in disaster situations by using their training in NIMS/ICS to integrate smoothly with official response efforts. Here’s how:

1. Enhanced Coordination in Disasters: Scouts trained in ICS principles can better understand the operational structures during a disaster, making it easier for them to participate effectively. They can take roles within their scope, such as logistic support, providing first aid, and other auxiliary services that complement the primary response efforts.
2. Volunteering in Emergencies: A Scout troop can prepare to assist in emergencies by:
   • Training in basic emergency skills like CPR, first aid, and emergency shelter operations.
   • Participating in community drills which enhances preparedness and provides practical experience.
   • Offering manpower for evacuation efforts, distribution of relief materials, or managing public information tools to keep the community informed during a crisis.

Active Participation in Emergency Service Projects

For the Emergency Preparedness merit badge, requirement 7a encourages Scouts to actively engage in emergency service projects or practice drills. This hands-on experience is vital for understanding how emergency responses are managed and how they can contribute effectively during real incidents.

Service Project Ideas for Scouts:

1. Community Emergency Response Team (CERT) Involvement: CERT programs educate volunteers about disaster preparedness for hazards that may impact their area and train them in basic disaster response skills, such as fire safety, light search and rescue, team organization, and disaster medical operations.
2. First Aid Stations at Public Events: Setting up and managing first aid stations at community events such as marathons, festivals, or large gatherings.
3. Disaster Drill Participation: Engaging in drills organized by schools, local emergency management, or health agencies to simulate disaster scenarios like earthquakes, floods, or fires.
4. Emergency Preparedness Fairs: Organize or participate in an emergency preparedness fair where information and resources about preparing for various types of emergencies are shared with the public.
5. Wildfire Prevention and Education Campaigns: Collaborate with local fire departments or forestry services to promote wildfire prevention strategies.
6. Chartered Organization Campaigns: Teach a Cub Scout pack how to hold a fire drill or prepare and distribute emergency kits for people in your chartered organization to keep in their cars

By taking part in these service projects, Scouts not only fulfill the requirements of the Emergency Preparedness merit badge but also play a critical role in enhancing the safety and readiness of their communities.

Developing a Troop Mobilization Plan for Emergency Services

For the Emergency Preparedness merit badge, requirement 7b challenges Scouts to prepare a written plan that details how their troop can be quickly mobilized in response to an emergency. A troop mobilization plan is essentially a blueprint for action, detailing how members are notified, what they should do, and how they should prepare to assist in an emergency effectively.

What is a Troop Mobilization Plan?
A troop mobilization plan organizes the process by which Scout troops prepare and respond to community emergencies. It ensures all members understand their roles, what they need to bring, and how they should conduct themselves during the emergency response.

Typical Methods of Communication:

1. Phone Tree: A cascading call system where each Scout leader calls a small number of Scouts, who in turn call others, ensuring quick and efficient distribution of information.
2. Email and Text Alerts: Utilizing group emails or mass texting services to send out immediate alerts and updates.
3. Social Media and Apps: Platforms like Facebook groups or messaging apps like WhatsApp can be effective for real-time communication among troop members.

Typical Elements to Communicate in the Plan:

1. Type of Emergency: Clearly state what the emergency is (e.g., flood, fire, earthquake) so Scouts know the context and severity of the situation.
2. What Scouts Should Bring: Instruct Scouts to bring necessary items such as water bottles, first aid kits, snacks, and any special equipment like flashlights or multitools.
3. What Scouts Should Wear: Direct Scouts to wear their uniforms if appropriate, or provide specific instructions for clothing suited to the emergency conditions (e.g., rain gear for storm response, sturdy boots, and gloves for debris removal).
4. Reporting Upon Arrival: Define who Scouts should report to upon reaching the site. This could be a specific leader or a designated check-in coordinator. Ensuring a check-in process helps maintain the safety and accountability of all members.
5. Safety Procedures: Outline essential safety procedures specific to the emergency type. This includes what to do upon arrival, how to handle unexpected situations, and emergency exit routes.
6. Contact Information: Include vital contact information for troop leaders and local emergency services. This ensures Scouts and parents know whom to contact for different needs or updates.

Preparing this mobilization plan not only meets a requirement of the Emergency Preparedness merit badge but also equips Scouts with the knowledge and organizational skills necessary to respond swiftly and effectively in real-life emergencies. This proactive approach enhances the troop’s ability to serve their community when needed most.

Crowd and Traffic Control

It might be noisy and chaotic. Know how to give directions without shouting. Typically you will need to hold your hand out to indicate “stop” or wave your hand forward to indicate “go”. Wear a bright colored safety vest so you can be easily seen and so that people recognize that you are on the job.

Messenger Service and Communication

This would involve passing along information if the phones are not working. Write the message down and get clear directions to where you will be taking it. Watch for emergency vehicles while you are on the move. And don’t forget to take a buddy with you for safety.

Collection and Distribution Services

People will be in need of water, food, and clothing. Set up a collection point which is away from the disaster area. Work with emergency officials to transport items from there to where they are needed. Once again, stay out of the way of emergency operations and use the buddy system.

Group Feeding, Shelter, and Sanitation

An emergency shelter area needs to be well organized. Food distribution areas and sanitation areas (bathrooms) need to be separate from other areas and kept clean to prevent disease. Mental health will also be strained. Having a few board games to play with children will give parents a break.

Personal Emergency Service Pack

This article from Scout Life magazine includes a good list of what should be included in your personal emergency service pack. Scroll to the bottom of the article.

Home Safety Checklist

Click here to download

Make a Home Escape Plan

This site has a number of resources to help you be prepared to evacuate your home in the case of a fire or other emergency.

Accident Prevention

See a number of resources for how to prevent accidents in various situations and environments.

Be prepared for the Emergency Preparedness merit badge with these related ideas and achievements:

Hospital Tag

This is a fun game which goes well with this theme. It would make a good interpatrol activity for a meeting focused on Emergency Preparedness.

Related Troop Program Features

• Emergency Preparedness
• Safety
• Winter Camping
• Wilderness Survival
• Project Planning

Related Achievements

• Emergency Preparedness BSA Award for Scouts BSA
• National Outdoor Awards – Adventure Segment
• Emergency Preparedness Ranger Core Requirement

Recommended Websites for the Emergency Preparedness Merit Badge