Surveying Merit Badge

Free Resources and Answers

Time: 2–4 weeks
Difficulty: Moderate
Setting: Outdoor, fieldwork
Best For: Scouts interested in measuring, mapping, engineering
Hands-On Level: High
Eagle Required: No

The Surveying merit badge gives you a hands-on look at how people measure and map the land. You will learn how surveyors find exact locations, measure distances and angles, and record information about an area. Along the way, you will see why careful measurements matter when building roads, marking property lines, planning communities, and managing land.

As you work on the Surveying merit badge, you will practice using surveying tools and applying math to real situations. You will collect measurements, make calculations, and use your results to create an accurate survey. These activities help you build problem-solving skills while showing you how small errors can affect an entire project.

You will also learn about surveying as a career and the responsibilities that come with the profession. Surveyors must be accurate, dependable, and ethical because many people rely on their work. By completing this merit badge, you can better understand how surveying shapes the places where you live, work, travel, and explore.

The requirements for the Surveying merit badge were updated on January 1, 2026.

Download the Surveying Merit Badge Requirements

Surveying Merit Badge Pamphlet

Surveying Merit Badge Check Off Sheet

Checklist for All Merit Badges

Help with Answers for Surveying Merit Badge Requirements

Find specific helps for some of the Surveying merit badge requirements listed below. Some of these resources will just give the answers. Others will provide engaging ways for older Scouts to introduce these concepts to new Scouts.

• Requirement 1: First Aid
• Requirement 2: Field Notes
• Requirement 3: Plot
• Requirement 4: Corner Markers
• Requirement 5: Deeds
• Requirement 6: Technology
• Requirement 7: GPS
• Requirement 8: Careers
• More Resources

Requirement 1: First Aid and Surveying Safety

What You Need To Do

Show how to give first aid for injuries and health problems that can happen while surveying. Also cover poisonous plants and poisonous animals found in your area and why surveyors need to identify them.

Helpful Tips

• Cuts and scratches should be cleaned and covered to help prevent infection.
• For a snakebite, keep the person calm and limit movement while getting medical help.
• Insect stings can cause pain, swelling, or an allergic reaction. A severe allergic reaction needs emergency medical care.
• Ticks should be removed promptly with fine-tipped tweezers. Check your body and clothing after working in brush, tall grass, or wooded areas.
• Heat-related problems can include heat exhaustion and heat stroke. Move the person to a cooler place and begin cooling them.
• Cold exposure can lead to hypothermia or frostbite. Get the person out of the cold and warm them safely.
• Dehydration happens when the body loses more water than it takes in. Drink water regularly while working outdoors.
• Surveyors often work in fields, woods, brush, and other outdoor areas where poisonous plants or animals may be present.
• Being able to identify local hazards helps a surveyor avoid contact and choose a safer place to walk or set up equipment.
• Find out which poisonous plants and animals are common where you live before meeting with your counselor.

Resources

• How To Treat Cuts & Scrapes (video)
• Snake Bites (website)
• Bites or Stings of Insects and Arachnids (video)
• Heat and Cold Emergencies—How To Treat Dehydration (video)
• First Aid Training (video)

Leader Tips

• Use realistic examples based on hazards Scouts may encounter in your local area.
• Give Scouts a chance to demonstrate first aid skills instead of relying only on discussion.
• Review local poisonous plants and animals using clear photos or field guides.
• Keep the focus on prevention as well as proper first aid.

Requirement 2a: Measure the Lot and Nearby Features

What You Need To Do

Set up a surveying instrument over one corner of the five-sided lot prepared by your counselor. Use radial measurements to record the angle and distance to the other corners and to five nearby topographic features.

Helpful Tips

• Set the instrument directly over the marked corner before taking measurements.
• Use one other corner as your reference direction.
• A radial measurement starts from one fixed point and measures out to other points.
• Record both the angle and the distance for each point.
• Measure each of the remaining lot corners as directed by your counselor.
• Choose five clear topographic features such as trees, shrubs, rocks, posts, or other fixed objects.
• Give each point a simple name or number so your notes stay organized.
• Write measurements down as soon as you take them.
• Double-check readings before moving to the next point.
• A simple field sketch can help match each measurement with the correct location.

Resources

• Total Station Basic Setup | 3 Minute Surveying Tips with Tony (video)

Leader Tips

• Lay out a clear five-sided lot with corners that Scouts can identify easily.
• Demonstrate proper instrument setup before Scouts begin.
• Let Scouts take the measurements themselves while providing guidance as needed.
• Check field notes for complete angle and distance entries.

Requirement 2b: Compare GPS Measurements

What You Need To Do

Use GPS equipment to measure to three of the same points from Requirement 2a. Compare those distances with the distances recorded using the surveying instrument.

Helpful Tips

• Use three points already measured during the first part of the requirement.
• Record the GPS measurement for each point separately.
• Keep the point names or numbers the same in both sets of notes.
• Compare each GPS distance with the earlier surveyed distance.
• Write down the difference between the two measurements.
• GPS readings may vary because of satellite position, nearby trees, buildings, terrain, or signal quality.
• Traditional surveying measurements can also vary because of setup, instrument readings, or distance-measuring errors.
• Taking more than one GPS reading can show whether the result stays consistent.
• Keep both sets of measurements in the same table or field notebook for easy comparison.
• Discuss possible reasons for any differences with your merit badge counselor.

Resources

• GPS Surveying for Beginners – the Easy Land Surveying (video)

Leader Tips

• Use GPS equipment suitable for the activity and show Scouts how to take a basic measurement.
• Have Scouts compare their own results rather than providing the differences for them.
• Ask Scouts to identify possible sources of measurement error.
• Keep the discussion focused on accuracy, consistency, and careful field work.

Requirement 3: Draw Your Survey Map

What You Need To Do

Use the field notes from Requirement 2 to plot your measured points with a protractor and scale. Draw a neat map that includes the lot, a north arrow, scale bar, title, and date.

Helpful Tips

• Review your field notes before starting the map.
• Make sure your angles, distances, and point labels are easy to read.
• Choose a scale that lets the entire survey fit clearly on the page.
• Use a ruler and protractor to place each point as accurately as possible.
• Start from the same reference point used during your field survey.
• Plot the lot corners first, then add the topographic features you measured.
• Connect the lot corners to show the shape of the property.
• Add a north arrow so the map shows direction.
• Include a scale bar so distances on the map can be compared with actual distances.
• Add a clear title and the date of the survey.
• Use simple symbols for trees, shrubs, rocks, or other features.
• Check every plotted point against your field notes before finishing.
• Keep lines, labels, and symbols neat and easy to read.

Resources

• Drawing Diagrams of Legal Descriptions (Basic Example) (video)

Leader Tips

• Help Scouts choose a scale that fits the survey on the page without crowding.
• Demonstrate how to use a protractor and scale before they begin plotting.
• Encourage Scouts to check each point as they work instead of waiting until the end.
• Review the finished map for all required elements and reasonable accuracy.

Requirement 4: Find Corner Elevations

What You Need To Do

Use one corner marker from Requirement 2 as a benchmark with an assumed elevation of 100 feet. Use a level and rod to take measurements and calculate the elevation of the other four corners.

Helpful Tips

• A benchmark is a reference point with a known or assigned elevation.
• For this requirement, the benchmark elevation starts at 100 feet.
• A level creates a horizontal line of sight for comparing elevations.
• A leveling rod has marked measurements used to find height differences.
• Place the rod upright on the benchmark and take a reading.
• Take additional rod readings at the other corner markers.
• Record each reading clearly in your field notes.
• Use the rod readings to calculate how much higher or lower each corner is than the benchmark.
• Keep track of whether elevation increases or decreases as you calculate.
• Check your math before recording the final elevation for each corner.
• Keep the rod vertical during each reading for better accuracy.
• Make sure the level stays steady and properly set up while measurements are taken.

Resources

• Calculate Elevation & Grade with a Builders Level (video)

Leader Tips

• Demonstrate proper level and rod setup before Scouts begin.
• Give Scouts time to take and record their own readings.
• Check their calculations for correct addition and subtraction.
• Encourage a second reading when a measurement seems unusual.

Requirement 5: Explore a Property Deed

What You Need To Do

Get a copy of a property deed approved by your counselor from a local courthouse or title agency. Review the deed with your counselor and discuss its main parts and why each part matters.

Helpful Tips

• A deed is a legal document used to transfer ownership of real property.
• The grantor is the person or group transferring the property.
• The grantee is the person or group receiving the property.
• The deed usually includes a legal description that identifies the property.
• A legal description may use lot numbers, boundary lines, distances, directions, or references to a recorded plat.
• The granting clause shows the owner’s intent to transfer the property.
• Some deeds include warranties or promises about ownership and property rights.
• Signatures show who approved and completed the transfer.
• A notary acknowledgment verifies the identity of the person signing the deed.
• Recording information shows when and where the deed was entered into public records.
• Property deeds can vary by state and by the type of property transfer.
• Pay special attention to the legal description because surveyors may use it when locating property boundaries.

Leader Tips

• Help the Scout find a deed that is appropriate and easy to review.
• Point out each major section while letting the Scout describe its purpose.
• Connect the legal property description to the surveying work completed in earlier requirements.
• Avoid giving legal advice; keep the discussion focused on the parts of the deed and their surveying importance.

Requirement 6: Surveying Technology

What You Need To Do

Discuss newer surveying technology, including drones and laser scanning. Cover the strengths and weaknesses of each method.

Helpful Tips

• Drones can take aerial photos and collect data over large areas.
• Drones can reach rough, steep, or unsafe places without sending a surveyor into the area.
• Drone surveys can often cover ground faster than crews working only from the ground.
• Wind, rain, poor visibility, and limited battery life can reduce drone use.
• Drone operators must follow flight rules and restrictions.
• Laser scanning uses light pulses to measure distances and create detailed records of surfaces.
• Laser scanners can collect many measurements in a short time.
• Scanning data can be used to create detailed three-dimensional models.
• Buildings, trees, vehicles, and other objects can block a scanner’s line of sight.
• Laser scanning equipment and software can be expensive.
• Large amounts of scanning data may require special computer software and skilled processing.
• Drones and laser scanners do not replace every traditional surveying method. Surveyors choose tools based on the job, location, accuracy needed, and conditions.

Resources

• Photogrammetry vs LiDAR – Which Is BETTER? (video)

Leader Tips

• Show Scouts photos or examples of drone surveys and laser scans when possible.
• Ask Scouts to compare where each technology would work well and where it might cause problems.
• Connect the discussion to real surveying jobs in construction, mapping, land development, or disaster response.
• Keep the focus on practical strengths and limits rather than technical details.

Requirement 7: GPS and Surveying

What You Need To Do

Describe what GPS is and discuss why it is important in surveying. Cover some of the ways GPS has changed how surveyors collect and use location data.

Helpful Tips

• GPS stands for Global Positioning System.
• GPS uses signals from satellites to help a receiver determine its position on Earth.
• GPS can provide latitude, longitude, and elevation information.
• Surveyors use specialized GPS equipment for more precise measurements than a typical phone or car navigation system.
• GPS can help surveyors locate points and measure large areas more quickly.
• GPS can reduce the need for a clear line of sight between some survey points.
• Surveyors can collect position data in remote or difficult locations with GPS equipment.
• GPS data can be combined with maps, computer software, drones, and geographic information systems.
• Buildings, trees, terrain, and poor satellite signals can affect GPS results.
• Some surveying work still requires traditional instruments and methods.
• Modern GPS equipment can provide very precise positions when used with proper procedures and corrections.
• GPS has made field data collection faster and has changed how survey crews plan and complete many projects.

Resources

• How GPS Is Revolutionizing Surveying Accuracy (website)
• How Does GPS Work? | The Secret Genius of Modern Life | BBC Earth Science (video)

Leader Tips

• Compare a phone GPS reading with professional surveying GPS equipment if both are available.
• Ask Scouts to name surveying jobs where GPS would save time or improve access.
• Point out situations where buildings, trees, or terrain could interfere with satellite signals.
• Keep the discussion focused on how GPS supports surveying rather than replacing every other method.

Requirement 8: Explore Surveying Careers

What You Need To Do

Identify three careers that use surveying skills. Pick one career and research its training, education, certification, experience, costs, job outlook, starting pay, advancement opportunities, and possible career goals. Discuss your findings with your counselor and whether the career interests you.

Helpful Tips

• Surveying skills are used in construction, engineering, mapping, land development, and planning.
• Some careers involve outdoor field work with measuring equipment.
• Other careers focus more on maps, computer software, drafting, or data.
• Education requirements vary by career and may include a certificate, two-year degree, or four-year degree.
• Some surveying jobs require state licensing or professional certification.
• Work experience may come from internships, technician jobs, or working with an experienced surveyor.
• Education costs can include tuition, books, fees, software, and equipment.
• Starting salary depends on the career, location, education level, and experience.
• Advancement may lead to crew leader, project manager, licensed surveyor, engineer, or business owner.
• Use current job listings, college programs, government career information, and professional organizations for your research.
• Write down your sources so you can review the information with your counselor.
• Include what interests you about the career and any parts of the job you may not enjoy.

Careers to Consider

• Land surveyor
• Surveying technician
• Construction surveyor
• Civil engineer
• GIS specialist
• Mapping technician
• Cartographer
• Photogrammetrist
• Drone mapping specialist
• Urban or regional planner

Leader Tips

• Encourage Scouts to choose three careers with clear connections to surveying.
• Help them find current and reliable information about education, licensing, pay, and job outlook.
• Ask Scouts to compare the career with their own interests and strengths.
• Keep the discussion focused on real career paths rather than choosing a “right” career.

More Merit Badge Resources

The Surveying merit badge helps Scouts learn how to measure land with simple tools and clear steps. It fits well in the merit badge program because it teaches accuracy, planning, and steady observation. Scouts learn how distances, angles, and maps work together. This adds a practical, real-world skill to the wide range of merit badges and shows that Scouting includes both outdoor and technical subjects.

This badge also connects to others that explore maps, design, and the outdoors. A Scout who enjoys Surveying might also try Orienteering, Engineering, or Geology. These badges help Scouts understand how land, tools, and planning come together in different fields. The variety gives them many ways to explore their interests.

Learn More about Scouts BSA

The Surveying merit badge supports the larger Scouts BSA program by building patience, responsibility, and clear thinking. Scouts learn to check their work, follow steps, and plan ahead. These habits support leadership and personal growth.

It also supports citizenship and teamwork. Scouts learn how accurate measurements help communities build roads, trails, and safe structures. They see how careful work serves others. This helps them grow into thoughtful and capable members of their troop and community.

What skills do I need to start the Surveying merit badge?

To start the Surveying merit badge, no prior specific skills are required, but an interest in math, science, and outdoor activities will be beneficial. The merit badge will teach you everything from basic to more advanced surveying techniques, emphasizing learning through doing.

How long does it usually take to complete the Surveying merit badge?

The time it takes to complete the Surveying merit badge can vary based on several factors, including the Scout’s schedule, the weather (for outdoor activities), and the availability of surveying equipment and a merit badge counselor. Discuss this with your Surveying merit badge counselor at your first meeting.

Do I need any special equipment for the Surveying merit badge?

While you will need access to surveying equipment like a compass, measuring tape, and possibly more sophisticated tools like a theodolite or GPS unit, most of the equipment will likely be provided by your merit badge counselor. It’s essential to learn how to use these tools properly, which is a key part of the badge requirements.

Can the Surveying merit badge help me in my future career?

Absolutely! The Surveying merit badge introduces skills and concepts that are foundational in fields such as civil engineering, architecture, geology, and urban planning. It can spark an interest in these careers and provide a basic knowledge that could be beneficial in future studies or job opportunities.

Is there a specific order in which I should complete the requirements for the Surveying merit badge?

While there’s no mandatory order for completing the requirements of the Surveying merit badge, requirements 3 and 4 build on the information gathered in requirement 2. Your merit badge counselor can guide you on a path that makes sense based on your learning pace and interests.

What are some challenges I might face while working on the Surveying merit badge, and how can I overcome them?

Challenges might include mastering the use of surveying tools and understanding the mathematical concepts behind surveying techniques. Overcoming these challenges involves practice, asking questions, and possibly seeking additional resources or help from your merit badge counselor or others experienced in surveying.

Can completing the Surveying merit badge count towards rank advancement?

Yes, like all merit badges, earning the Surveying merit badge can count towards your elective merit badge requirements for rank advancements in Scouting. It’s a valuable badge that combines outdoor skills with scientific knowledge, making it a great choice for Scouts interested in a comprehensive learning experience.

The Surveying merit badge offers Scouts a unique blend of outdoor adventure, technological exploration, and practical skill development. Each requirement of the Surveying merit badge is designed not only to teach Scouts the fundamentals of surveying but also to inspire appreciation for how this critical field impacts every aspect of our built and natural environments. From understanding the basics of measuring land and plotting maps to exploring the cutting-edge technologies that are reshaping the field, the Surveying merit badge opens the door to a world where precision, technology, and the great outdoors meet.

As Scouts progress through the requirements of the Surveying merit badge, they are not just earning a badge; they are laying the groundwork for lifelong skills and possibly sparking interest in a future career. The Surveying merit badge encourages Scouts to be curious, meticulous, and responsible, reflecting the very ethos of scouting itself.

Whether navigating through the intricacies of GPS technology, plotting their first map, or contemplating the vast career opportunities in surveying, Scouts who embark on this merit badge journey are stepping towards a future where they can contribute significantly to society. The Surveying merit badge is more than just an achievement; it’s a compass guiding Scouts toward a promising horizon.