Shotgun Shooting Merit Badge

The Shotgun Shooting merit badge helps Scouts learn the skills needed to safely and responsibly handle a shotgun. It focuses on safety, accuracy, and the rules for using firearms. This badge is an opportunity to develop confidence while learning an exciting sport. Scouts gain important knowledge about firearm safety and responsibility.

By working on the Shotgun Shooting merit badge, Scouts also improve their focus and discipline. Hitting a target requires patience, attention, and practice. These skills can help in other parts of life, like school, sports, or hobbies. Scouts build their confidence as they improve their shooting abilities.

The Shotgun Shooting merit badge is a great way to learn about teamwork and following directions. Instructors guide Scouts through safety steps and help them improve their shooting technique. Working together with leaders and other Scouts makes learning more fun and rewarding.

This merit badge can spark an interest in shooting sports or outdoor activities. Scouts who enjoy working on the Shotgun Shooting merit badge might want to explore other shooting sports or even competitive events. It is a great way to try something new and build skills that last a lifetime.

The requirements for this merit badge were updated effective January 1, 2025.

Shotgun Shooting Merit Badge Requirements

Shotgun Shooting Merit Badge Workbook / Worksheet

Shotgun Shooting Merit Badge Printable Requirement Check Off Sheet for Option A (Modern Shotshell Type)

Shotgun Shooting Merit Badge Printable Requirement Check Off Sheet for Option B (Muzzleloading Shotgun Shooting)

Checklist for All Merit Badges

Help with Answers for Shotgun Shooting Merit Badge Requirements

Find specific helps for some of the Shotgun Shooting merit badge requirements listed below. Some of these resources will just give the answers. Others will provide engaging ways for older Scouts to introduce these concepts to new Scouts.

• Requirement 1: Shotgun Basics
• Requirement 2 Option A: Shotgun Shooting (Modern Shotshell Type)
• Requirement 2 Option B: Muzzleloading Shotgun Shooting
• Requirement 3: Careers and Opportunities
• More Resources

Understanding Projectiles and Safety in Shotgun Shooting

A projectile is any object that is launched or shot through the air. In the Shotgun Shooting merit badge, Scouts learn about shotgun shells, which are the projectiles used in this sport. When a shotgun is fired, tiny pellets or slugs are launched at high speeds to hit a target. These projectiles travel with great force and can be dangerous if not handled properly.

Any device that shoots a projectile, like a shotgun, must be treated with care and respect. This is because a projectile can cause serious harm if used incorrectly. For the Shotgun Shooting merit badge, Scouts learn why safety is the top priority. A shotgun should only be used in approved locations, like shooting ranges, where there are rules and guidelines to keep everyone safe.

There are important reasons to follow these rules:

• Safety for everyone: Careful handling prevents accidents that could hurt people nearby.
• Respect for property: Using firearms in the wrong place can damage property or the environment.
• Learning responsibility: Following rules helps Scouts understand the importance of being responsible.
• Building trust: Safe and responsible use of firearms shows respect for others and the equipment.

The Shotgun Shooting merit badge teaches Scouts to use shotguns responsibly while building confidence and skill. By understanding projectiles and following safety rules, Scouts can enjoy this activity in a safe and controlled way.

Basic Rules for Safe Gun Handling

When working on the Shotgun Shooting merit badge, Scouts learn that safety is the most important part of using any firearm. These rules apply to all firearms, including shotguns, and must always be followed. They protect everyone involved and ensure that shooting activities are safe and enjoyable.

Here are the basic rules for safe gun handling:

• Always treat every firearm as if it is loaded: This prevents accidents because you never assume a gun is safe to handle carelessly.
• Never point a firearm at anything you do not intend to shoot: Keeping the gun pointed in a safe direction ensures that if it accidentally fires, no one will get hurt.
• Keep your finger off the trigger until you are ready to shoot: This reduces the chance of an accidental discharge.
• Always know what is beyond your target: Be aware of what’s behind your target to avoid hitting something or someone unintentionally.

The Shotgun Shooting merit badge emphasizes these rules because they are essential for preventing accidents and teaching responsible firearm use. Following these rules also builds trust and shows respect for the equipment and for others. By practicing safe gun handling, Scouts can enjoy learning this skill with confidence and care.

What to Do if a Friend Asks to See a Firearm

If a friend visiting your home asks to see your or your family’s firearm, the safest and smartest response is to say no. The Shotgun Shooting merit badge teaches Scouts that firearms should always be handled with care and responsibility, and showing a firearm to someone without proper supervision or training can lead to serious safety risks.

Explain to your friend that firearms are not toys and should only be handled in safe, controlled settings, like at a shooting range or during a supervised activity. Let them know that only trained, responsible adults should decide when and how a firearm is handled. This response shows maturity and a strong understanding of firearm safety, which is a key part of the Shotgun Shooting merit badge.

Reacting this way also follows the basic rules of gun safety. Firearms should always be stored securely to prevent unauthorized access. This helps protect everyone in your home, including visitors. By following these guidelines, you are practicing the safety and responsibility taught in the Shotgun Shooting merit badge.

Why Eye and Hearing Protection Are Important

When working on the Shotgun Shooting merit badge, Scouts learn that safety is not just about handling the firearm correctly. Protecting your eyes and ears is also essential. Shooting sports involve loud noises and the possibility of flying debris, so proper safety gear is a must.

Eye protection is needed because shotguns can release small particles, shell fragments, or even dust when fired. These can cause serious injuries if they hit your eyes. Safety glasses or goggles made for shooting sports are designed to shield your eyes from harm. They are strong enough to resist impact and keep your vision safe.

Hearing protection is just as important. When a shotgun is fired, the sound is loud enough to damage your hearing, especially over time. Earplugs or earmuffs are commonly used to reduce noise to a safe level. Some advanced hearing protection even allows you to hear conversations while blocking harmful gunshot sounds.

Using both eye and hearing protection is required when working on the Shotgun Shooting merit badge. These items help Scouts stay safe while focusing on their skills. By understanding the need for safety gear, Scouts learn to respect the equipment and enjoy the sport without unnecessary risks.

Understanding Gun Laws and Responsibility

When working on the Shotgun Shooting merit badge, Scouts learn that knowing and following the law is a key part of using firearms responsibly. Gun laws vary by community and state, but there are common rules that help ensure safety and proper use of firearms.

Here are some typical laws and regulations:

• Age restrictions: Many laws set a minimum age for owning or using a firearm. Younger individuals can usually only use firearms under direct adult supervision.
• Licensing and permits: Some areas require a license or permit to own or carry a firearm. This helps ensure that only responsible individuals can legally own guns.
• Safe storage: Laws often require firearms to be stored securely, such as in a locked safe, to prevent unauthorized access, especially by children.
• Restricted areas: Firearms are typically not allowed in certain locations, like schools, government buildings, or public parks.
• Hunter safety courses: In some places, a safety course is required before using a firearm for hunting or sport.

Understanding these laws is an important part of the Shotgun Shooting merit badge. Scouts learn that following legal requirements helps protect themselves and others. It also builds respect for firearms as tools that must be used responsibly. Knowing the rules is just as important as learning how to handle a shotgun.

Hunting and Wildlife Conservation

The Shotgun Shooting merit badge helps Scouts understand that hunting is not just about sport. It plays an important role in managing wildlife and conserving natural resources. When done responsibly and legally, hunting supports the wise use of renewable wildlife resources.

Wildlife populations, like deer, ducks, or other game animals, grow and change over time. If populations grow too large, animals can run out of food or space, leading to illness and starvation. Hunting helps balance these populations, ensuring healthy numbers that the environment can support. This is why hunting seasons and limits are carefully regulated by wildlife agencies.

Hunting also helps fund conservation efforts. Fees from hunting licenses and permits are often used to protect habitats, conduct research, and manage wildlife programs. By participating in regulated hunting, people contribute to preserving these resources for future generations.

The Shotgun Shooting merit badge teaches Scouts the importance of hunting as a tool for conservation. It highlights how responsible hunting practices ensure that wildlife remains a renewable resource that benefits both nature and people.

Understanding Hunting Laws and Wildlife

When working on the Shotgun Shooting merit badge, Scouts learn that hunting laws are designed to keep people safe, protect wildlife, and ensure fair opportunities for everyone. These laws vary by state, but there are common rules and guidelines that apply across the country.

Here are some typical hunting laws:

• Hunting seasons: Different animals can only be hunted during specific times of the year. These seasons are set to protect animals during breeding or nesting times.
• Licenses and permits: Hunters must have a valid license and may need special permits for certain animals. These help manage how many animals are hunted.
• Bag limits: Rules set a maximum number of animals that can be taken in a day or season. This prevents overhunting and keeps wildlife populations healthy.
• Firearm and ammunition restrictions: Some states limit the types of guns or ammunition that can be used for hunting. For example, using non-toxic shot may be required to protect the environment.
• Hunter education: Many states require hunters to complete a safety course before getting a license.

Wildlife that can be legally hunted typically includes species like deer, turkey, ducks, rabbits, squirrels, and certain upland birds. Some states also allow hunting for predators like coyotes or wild hogs. The types of wildlife depend on local populations and conservation goals.

The Shotgun Shooting merit badge helps Scouts understand these laws and why they are important. By following hunting regulations and respecting wildlife, Scouts learn responsibility and contribute to the long-term health of natural resources.

Hygienic Guidelines for Safe Shooting

When working on the Shotgun Shooting merit badge, Scouts learn that proper hygiene is an important part of shooting safety. Following hygienic guidelines helps prevent exposure to harmful substances like lead, which can be found in ammunition.

Here are key hygienic practices to follow:

• Wash your hands thoroughly: After shooting, wash your hands with soap and water to remove any residue from gunpowder, lead, or other materials. Avoid eating or drinking until your hands are clean.
• Avoid touching your face: While shooting, try not to touch your eyes, nose, or mouth. This reduces the chance of transferring harmful particles.
• Wear appropriate clothing: If possible, wear clothes that cover your skin, such as long sleeves, to minimize exposure to residues. Wash your shooting clothes separately after use.
• Use gloves if needed: Some shooters wear gloves to protect their hands from residue and to keep a good grip on the shotgun.

The Shotgun Shooting merit badge emphasizes safety in every aspect of shooting, including hygiene. These practices protect Scouts from potential health risks and teach the importance of responsible habits while handling firearms. By following these guidelines, Scouts stay safe and focused during their shooting activities.

Exploring Shotgun Sports and Where to Practice

The Shotgun Shooting merit badge introduces Scouts to different shotgun sports that build skill and confidence. These sports are fun, challenging, and a great way to practice safe shooting.

Here are several popular shotgun sports:

• Trap Shooting: In this sport, clay targets are launched from a single machine, called a trap, in front of the shooter. The targets fly away from the shooter at different angles.
• Skeet Shooting: Skeet involves two machines that launch targets from opposite directions. The shooter moves through stations in a semi-circle, aiming at crossing targets.
• Sporting Clays: Sometimes called “golf with a shotgun,” this sport takes place on an outdoor course with different target types and angles.

To practice these sports, look for shooting ranges or sportsman’s clubs in your community. Many ranges offer beginner programs or allow you to rent equipment if you don’t have your own. Youth shooting leagues, like Scholastic Clay Target Program (SCTP), often welcome Scouts to join and learn in a supportive environment.

Talk to the range staff or club leaders to find out how to participate. You might need to take a safety class or meet age requirements. Working on the Shotgun Shooting merit badge is a great way to prepare for range activities. It teaches the skills and knowledge needed to enjoy these sports responsibly.

Reliable Sources for Firearm Information

When working on the Shotgun Shooting merit badge, it’s important to know where to find accurate and reliable information about firearms and their use. Trusted sources can provide safety guidance, legal details, and shooting tips to help Scouts learn and grow in this skill.

Here are some good places to start:

• Local shooting ranges or gun clubs: These places often have knowledgeable staff or instructors who can explain firearm safety, shooting techniques, and local regulations.
• Hunter education programs: Many states offer hunter safety courses that teach about firearms, hunting laws, and responsible gun use.
• The National Rifle Association (NRA): The NRA provides resources on firearm safety and offers shooting sports programs for youth.
• U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service: This organization manages wildlife conservation and provides information on hunting regulations and safe shooting practices.
• Sporting goods stores: Staff at stores that sell firearms and shooting equipment can often answer questions or recommend other resources.

These sources can help Scouts understand the responsibilities that come with firearm use. The Shotgun Shooting merit badge emphasizes finding accurate information to build safe and responsible habits. By contacting these resources, Scouts can deepen their knowledge and improve their shooting skills.

Understanding Shotguns and Shotshells

When earning the Shotgun Shooting merit badge, Scouts learn about the principal parts of a shotgun, different action types, and how modern shotshells work. This knowledge is essential for safe and effective shooting.

Principal Parts of a Shotgun:
A shotgun has several key parts:

• Stock: The part you hold against your shoulder. It helps you aim and control the shotgun.
• Barrel: The long, hollow tube through which the shot travels.
• Action: The mechanism that loads, fires, and ejects shells.
• Trigger: The part you pull to fire the shotgun.
• Safety: A device that prevents the shotgun from firing accidentally.

Types of Actions:
There are different types of shotgun actions, each functioning differently:

• Pump Action: You slide the forearm back and forth to load and eject shells.
• Break Action: The barrel tips open to load and unload shells.
• Semi-Automatic Action: The shotgun automatically reloads after each shot.

The Shotgun Shooting merit badge helps Scouts understand how these parts work together to make a shotgun function. Learning about these components builds confidence and ensures safe and responsible use of this powerful tool.

Safe Storage and Handling of a Shotgun

The Shotgun Shooting merit badge teaches Scouts that safety is the most important part of using and owning a shotgun. Proper storage and handling are key to preventing accidents and keeping everyone safe. By learning these rules, Scouts develop good habits for using and storing shotguns and ammunition responsibly.

Rules for Safe Storage:

• Keep firearms unloaded: Always store a shotgun unloaded when not in use to prevent accidental discharge.
• Use a locked case or safe: Shotguns should be kept in a locked gun safe or case to prevent unauthorized access, especially by children or untrained individuals.
• Store ammunition separately: Modern shotshells should be stored in a separate locked container, away from the shotgun, to reduce risks.
• Protect from moisture: Store shotguns and shotshells in a cool, dry place to prevent rust or damage.

Rules for Safe Handling:

• Always treat a shotgun as if it’s loaded: Even when you think it’s unloaded, always handle it carefully.
• Keep the muzzle pointed in a safe direction: Never point the shotgun at anything you don’t intend to shoot.
• Check the chamber and magazine: Before handling or passing a shotgun, make sure it is unloaded.
• Use proper safety gear: Wear eye and hearing protection whenever handling or shooting a shotgun.

The Shotgun Shooting merit badge emphasizes these safety practices to ensure Scouts understand their importance. By following these rules, Scouts can handle and store shotguns responsibly, building the trust and confidence needed to enjoy shooting sports safely.

Parts of a Modern Shotshell and Their Functions

The Shotgun Shooting merit badge teaches Scouts to understand how a modern shotshell works. Shotshells are the ammunition used in shotguns, and each part plays an important role in firing the shotgun safely and effectively.

Here are the main parts of a modern shotshell:

• Primer: The primer is a small cap at the base of the shell. When struck by the firing pin, it creates a spark that ignites the powder.
• Powder (Gunpowder): The powder is the fuel that burns rapidly to create high-pressure gas. This gas propels the shot out of the barrel.
• Wad: The wad is a plastic or fiber cup that separates the powder from the shot. It also protects the shot and helps keep it together as it travels down the barrel.
• Shot: The shot is made up of small pellets or a single slug. These are the projectiles that spread out or hit the target directly.
• Hull (Casing): The hull is the outer shell that holds all the other components together. It is usually made of plastic with a metal base.

Learning about these parts helps Scouts understand how a shotgun operates. The Shotgun Shooting merit badge emphasizes this knowledge because it builds respect for the equipment and helps Scouts use it responsibly. By knowing how a shotshell works, Scouts can also recognize the importance of safety and maintenance.

Understanding Shotgun Gauges and Their Uses

When earning the Shotgun Shooting merit badge, Scouts learn about different shotgun gauges and how to choose the right one for specific activities. The gauge refers to the size of the barrel and the shotshell it uses. A smaller gauge number means a larger barrel.

Here are some common shotgun gauges and their uses:

• 12 Gauge: The most versatile and popular gauge. It is suitable for hunting a wide variety of game, including deer, turkey, and waterfowl, as well as for trap, skeet, and sporting clays.
• 20 Gauge: A smaller option with less recoil, making it ideal for beginners or smaller shooters. It works well for hunting smaller game like rabbits or upland birds and for clay shooting.
• 28 Gauge: A lighter gauge often used for hunting small game or for experienced shooters in clay sports. It has less power but is still effective in the right hands.
• .410 Bore: Technically not a gauge, but a popular choice for small game hunting and for young or new shooters. It has very low recoil but is less effective for larger targets.

The choice of gauge depends on what you plan to use the shotgun for. For example, if you are hunting ducks or geese, a 12-gauge shotgun is a good choice because it can handle larger loads. If you are practicing on a skeet range and want less recoil, a 20-gauge might be better. The Shotgun Shooting merit badge teaches Scouts to match the gauge to their needs, ensuring a safer and more enjoyable experience.

Understanding Shotgun Malfunctions and How to Respond

The Shotgun Shooting merit badge helps Scouts learn about malfunctions that can occur when firing a shotgun and how to handle them safely. These include misfires, hangfires, and squib fires. Recognizing these issues and knowing the proper response is an important part of shooting responsibly.

Causes of a Shotgun’s Failure to Fire:
A shotgun may fail to fire due to several reasons, such as:

• Faulty ammunition (e.g., bad primer or powder)
• Dirty or poorly maintained firearm
• Mechanical failure in the firing mechanism

Misfire: A misfire happens when the trigger is pulled, but the shotgun does not fire. This is usually caused by defective ammunition or a mechanical problem.

• Preventive Measure: Always use high-quality, properly stored ammunition and maintain the shotgun regularly.
• Response: Keep the muzzle pointed in a safe direction, wait at least 30 seconds to ensure it’s not a hangfire, then safely open the action to remove the shell.

Hangfire: A hangfire is a delay between pulling the trigger and the shotgun firing. This happens when the primer is slow to ignite the powder.

• Preventive Measure: Inspect ammunition for defects and avoid using old or damp shotshells.
• Response: Keep the muzzle pointed in a safe direction and wait at least 30 seconds before opening the action to eject the shell.

Squib Fire: A squib fire occurs when the shot does not exit the barrel, often due to insufficient powder. This can block the barrel, creating a dangerous situation if another shot is fired.

• Preventive Measure: Check ammunition for proper quality and avoid reloading mistakes if you make your own shells.
• Response: Stop shooting immediately, keep the muzzle pointed in a safe direction, and carefully inspect the barrel. Do not fire another round until the obstruction is cleared.

The Shotgun Shooting merit badge emphasizes the importance of understanding and responding to these malfunctions safely. By following these guidelines, Scouts ensure the safety of themselves and others while improving their skills.

Safe Shotgun Shooting on the Range

The Shotgun Shooting merit badge helps Scouts develop the knowledge, skills, and attitude needed to safely handle and shoot a shotgun. Shooting on a range requires strict attention to safety rules, understanding range commands, and following procedures. This ensures a safe and enjoyable experience for everyone.

Key Range Commands and Their Meanings:

• “Load”: You may load a shell into the shotgun, keeping the muzzle pointed downrange.
• “Ready”: Get into position and prepare to shoot, keeping your finger off the trigger until ready to fire.
• “Pull”: A command given by the shooter to signal the release of the target (in sports like trap or skeet).
• “Cease Fire”: Stop shooting immediately and keep the muzzle pointed in a safe direction. Wait for further instructions.
• “Unload”: Safely remove all shells from the shotgun and open the action to show it is clear.

Steps for Safe Range Shooting:

• Follow all instructions: Listen carefully to the range officer and follow their commands.
• Wear safety gear: Always use eye and hearing protection on the range.
• Use the correct ammunition: Match the shotshells to the gauge of your shotgun.
• Keep the shotgun pointed downrange: The muzzle should always point toward the target area.
• Be aware of others: Maintain a safe distance from other shooters and respect their space.

The Shotgun Shooting merit badge emphasizes these procedures to help Scouts build confidence and practice shooting safely. By learning and demonstrating these skills, Scouts prepare themselves for responsible firearm use and a rewarding experience on the range.

Cleaning a Shotgun Safely and Properly

The Shotgun Shooting merit badge teaches Scouts the importance of maintaining their shotgun to keep it in good condition and ensure safe operation. Cleaning a shotgun requires attention to safety and the proper materials to do the job correctly.

Basic Safety Rules for Cleaning a Shotgun:

• Ensure the shotgun is unloaded: Check the chamber and magazine to confirm there are no shells in the firearm.
• Keep the muzzle pointed in a safe direction: Even when unloaded, always handle the shotgun safely.
• Disassemble only as needed: Follow the manufacturer’s instructions for disassembling the shotgun for cleaning.
• Work in a well-ventilated area: Cleaning solvents can produce fumes, so ensure proper airflow.
• Store ammunition separately: Keep any shotshells far away from your cleaning area.

Materials Needed for Cleaning:

• Cleaning rod or bore snake
• Shotgun cleaning patches
• Bore brush (appropriate for the gauge)
• Cleaning solvent
• Gun oil or lubricant
• Soft cloth or microfiber towel
• Nylon cleaning brush

Steps to Clean a Shotgun:

1. Disassemble safely: Follow the manufacturer’s instructions to take apart the shotgun into its major components, such as the barrel, action, and stock.
2. Clean the barrel: Apply solvent to the bore brush and run it through the barrel to loosen residue. Follow with cleaning patches to remove debris until the patches come out clean.
3. Clean the action: Use a nylon brush and solvent to scrub the action and remove any buildup. Wipe it dry with a cloth.
4. Lubricate moving parts: Apply a small amount of gun oil to the moving parts of the action to ensure smooth operation.
5. Wipe down the exterior: Use a soft cloth to apply a light coat of oil to the outside of the shotgun to prevent rust.
6. Reassemble and inspect: Put the shotgun back together and check that everything is functioning correctly.

The Shotgun Shooting merit badge teaches Scouts that proper cleaning and maintenance not only keep the firearm safe to use but also extend its life. By following these steps, Scouts learn responsibility and care for their equipment.

Choosing the Right Shotgun

When working on the Shotgun Shooting merit badge, Scouts learn that selecting the right shotgun depends on its purpose and the user’s needs. Picking the right shotgun ensures a better fit, comfort, and success in shooting sports or hunting.

Points to Consider:

• Purpose: Decide how you will use the shotgun. For example, a 12-gauge is versatile and works well for hunting large game or shooting clay targets. A 20-gauge might be better for smaller game or for younger shooters because it has less recoil.
• Fit: A shotgun should feel comfortable to hold and shoulder. Test how well it fits your body size and length of pull (the distance from the trigger to the stock).
• Action Type: Choose between pump-action, semi-automatic, or break-action shotguns. Pump-actions are durable and versatile, semi-automatics offer quick follow-up shots, and break-actions are simple and reliable.
• Barrel Length: Shorter barrels are better for quick handling, like in upland hunting, while longer barrels are preferred for trap or skeet shooting due to better accuracy.
• Weight: Lighter shotguns are easier to carry but may have more recoil. Heavier shotguns absorb recoil better but can be tiring to hold over long periods.
• Budget: Consider your price range and look for a shotgun that meets your needs without unnecessary features.

The Shotgun Shooting merit badge emphasizes understanding the purpose and features of a shotgun before making a choice. By considering these factors, Scouts can select a shotgun that is safe, reliable, and suited to their activities. This knowledge prepares them for both recreational shooting and responsible firearm ownership.

Shooting a Moving Target with the Four Fundamentals

The Shotgun Shooting merit badge teaches Scouts how to hit moving targets by focusing on the four key fundamentals: position, mount, vision, and movement. These skills are essential for success in shotgun sports like trap, skeet, or sporting clays.

Position:
Start with a solid shooting stance. Stand with your feet shoulder-width apart and slightly angled toward the target. Keep your knees slightly bent and your weight balanced forward. A stable position helps you track the target and absorb the shotgun’s recoil effectively.

Mount:
Properly mounting the shotgun is crucial for accuracy. Place the stock firmly against your shoulder and align it with your cheek. This ensures that your eye naturally lines up with the barrel for accurate aiming. Practice mounting smoothly and consistently to build muscle memory.

Vision:
Keep your eyes focused on the target, not the shotgun barrel. Your brain and eyes will work together to judge the target’s speed and direction. Good vision is critical for tracking and leading the moving target effectively.

Movement:
Follow the target with smooth, controlled movements. Lead the target slightly, aiming ahead of its path to account for its motion. This is called “swinging through” or “leading the target.” Keep the shotgun moving as you fire to maintain alignment with the target.

By practicing these fundamentals, Scouts learn to shoot moving targets confidently and safely. The Shotgun Shooting merit badge emphasizes these techniques to build skill and accuracy while reinforcing safety and control. Mastering these fundamentals prepares Scouts for success in shooting sports and hunting.

The History of the Muzzleloading Shotgun

The Shotgun Shooting merit badge introduces Scouts to the history of shotguns, including the early muzzleloading shotgun. These firearms were some of the first used for hunting and sport shooting and played a key role in the development of modern shotguns.

Muzzleloading shotguns date back to the 17th and 18th centuries. They were called “muzzleloaders” because they were loaded from the open end of the barrel, or the muzzle. The shooter poured gunpowder into the barrel, added wadding to keep the powder in place, and then loaded small pellets or a lead ball as the projectile. Everything was packed tightly using a ramrod to ensure proper firing.

These early shotguns were often single-shot firearms, meaning they had to be reloaded after every shot. This made them slow to use, but they were effective for hunting small game and birds. Muzzleloading shotguns evolved from simple designs into more sophisticated firearms with better accuracy and reliability.

The development of breech-loading shotguns in the 19th century, which loaded shells at the back of the barrel, made shooting faster and easier. This innovation eventually led to the modern shotguns we use today, including pump-action, semi-automatic, and break-action models. The Shotgun Shooting merit badge gives Scouts an appreciation for this history and helps them understand how advancements in technology have improved safety and performance.

Understanding the Principal Parts of a Muzzleloading Shotgun

When earning the Shotgun Shooting merit badge, Scouts learn about the parts of a muzzleloading shotgun and how they work together. Muzzleloading shotguns were among the earliest firearms used for hunting and sport, and understanding their design provides insight into the history of firearms.

Principal Parts of a Muzzleloading Shotgun:

• Stock: The wooden or metal part of the shotgun held against the shoulder. It provides stability and helps aim the firearm.
• Barrel: A long, smooth tube through which the shot travels. The barrel is loaded from the muzzle, or open end.
• Muzzle: The front of the barrel where the gunpowder, wadding, and shot are inserted.
• Lock: The mechanism that ignites the gunpowder to fire the shot. This is often a flintlock, percussion lock, or matchlock, depending on the shotgun’s design.
• Trigger: The part the shooter pulls to activate the lock mechanism and fire the shot.
• Ramrod: A rod used to push gunpowder, wadding, and shot down the barrel into position.

To load a muzzleloading shotgun, gunpowder is poured into the barrel, followed by wadding to hold the powder in place. The shot is then loaded, and another piece of wadding is added to secure it. The ramrod is used to pack everything tightly. When the trigger is pulled, the lock mechanism ignites the powder, creating gas that propels the shot out of the barrel.

The Shotgun Shooting merit badge helps Scouts understand the mechanics of muzzleloading shotguns, building an appreciation for how these early firearms functioned. This knowledge also highlights the progress made in modern shotguns, making today’s shooting sports safer and more efficient.

Safe Storage and Handling of a Muzzleloading Shotgun

The Shotgun Shooting merit badge teaches Scouts that safety is essential when working with any firearm, including muzzleloading shotguns. Proper storage and careful handling are crucial to prevent accidents and ensure that the firearm remains in good condition.

Rules for Safely Storing a Muzzleloading Shotgun:

1. Unloading: Always ensure the muzzleloading shotgun is completely unloaded before storing it. Remove any powder, wadding, and projectiles from the barrel.
2. Cleaning: Thoroughly clean the shotgun after each use to prevent corrosion or buildup, which could make the firearm unsafe.
3. Secured Storage: Store the shotgun in a locked cabinet, safe, or case to prevent unauthorized access, especially by children or untrained individuals.
4. Separate Components: Store gunpowder, primers, and other accessories in a separate, secure location. Keep them away from heat or sparks.
5. Protect from Moisture: Ensure the shotgun is stored in a cool, dry place to prevent rust or damage.

Rules for Safely Handling a Muzzleloading Shotgun:

1. Treat it as loaded: Always handle a muzzleloading shotgun as if it is loaded, even if you think it is not.
2. Point in a safe direction: Keep the muzzle pointed away from people and anything you don’t intend to shoot.
3. Check the barrel: Before loading or firing, ensure the barrel is clear of obstructions.
4. Use proper tools: Always use the correct tools, like a ramrod, to load or inspect the shotgun. Avoid using makeshift items that could damage the firearm or cause injury.
5. Follow firing precautions: Use only the recommended amount of powder and the correct size projectiles to ensure safe operation.

By following these rules, Scouts learn the responsibility and care required to handle muzzleloading shotguns safely. The Shotgun Shooting merit badge emphasizes these practices to help Scouts develop confidence, respect, and skill in shooting sports.

Grades of Black Powder and Their Safe Use

The Shotgun Shooting merit badge helps Scouts understand the role of black powder in muzzleloading shotguns and how to use it safely. Black powder is the propellant that creates the force to fire a shot. It comes in different grades, each suited for specific types of firearms and uses.

Grades of Black Powder:

• Fg (Single F): This is the coarsest grade of black powder. It is typically used in large firearms like cannons or very large muzzleloaders.
• FFg (Double F): Slightly finer than Fg, this grade is often used in rifles and larger muzzleloading shotguns.
• FFFg (Triple F): Finer than FFg, this is the most commonly used grade for smaller muzzleloading shotguns, rifles, and pistols.
• FFFFg (Quadruple F): The finest grade, used primarily as priming powder in flintlock firearms for igniting the main charge.

Safe Use of Black Powder:

• Use the correct grade: Always match the grade of black powder to the firearm’s specifications. Using the wrong grade can cause dangerous pressure levels or poor performance.
• Measure accurately: Use a powder measure to load the exact amount recommended for your shotgun. Never guess or pour powder directly from the container into the barrel.
• Store safely: Keep black powder in its original container, stored in a cool, dry, and secure place away from heat, sparks, or flames.
• Handle carefully: Avoid spilling black powder, and clean up any spills immediately to reduce the risk of fire or explosion.

The Shotgun Shooting merit badge emphasizes the importance of understanding black powder grades and handling them responsibly. By learning about the different grades and their uses, Scouts gain the knowledge needed to safely operate a muzzleloading shotgun.

Safe Storage of Black Powder

The Shotgun Shooting merit badge teaches Scouts that black powder requires careful storage to ensure safety. Black powder is highly flammable and must be handled and stored responsibly to prevent accidents.

Proper Safety Procedures for Storing Black Powder:

• Use the original container: Always store black powder in its original, approved container. These containers are designed to reduce the risk of ignition and keep the powder safe.
• Store in a cool, dry place: Black powder should be kept away from heat, humidity, and direct sunlight. Moisture can degrade its performance, and heat increases the risk of fire.
• Keep away from open flames or sparks: Avoid storing black powder near fireplaces, stoves, or other sources of ignition. Even a small spark can cause an explosion.
• Secure the storage area: Place the powder in a locked cabinet or safe to prevent unauthorized access, especially by children or untrained individuals.
• Limit the amount stored: Only keep as much black powder as you need for immediate use. Storing large quantities can increase risks.
• Label the storage area: Clearly label the cabinet or safe as containing flammable materials so others are aware of its contents.

The Shotgun Shooting merit badge emphasizes these safety procedures to protect Scouts and their surroundings. By following these guidelines, Scouts learn to store black powder responsibly and maintain a safe environment while practicing shooting sports.

Components of a Muzzleloading Shotgun Load

The Shotgun Shooting merit badge helps Scouts understand how to safely and correctly load a muzzleloading shotgun. Each load is made up of specific components that must be used in the right order and amounts to ensure safe and effective firing.

Proper Components of a Load:

• Black Powder or Black Powder Substitute: This is the propellant that generates the force to fire the shot. The amount must match the shotgun’s specifications.
• Wad: A piece of material, often made of fiber or plastic, placed over the powder. It seals the barrel, ensuring the gases from the powder push the shot forward effectively.
• Shot: The pellets or projectiles that hit the target. The size and amount of shot vary depending on the intended use, such as hunting or clay shooting.
• Over-shot Wad: Another wad placed on top of the shot to keep it in place and prevent it from spilling out of the barrel.

Optional Components:

• Lubricant: Sometimes applied to the wads or barrel to reduce fouling and improve performance.
• Priming Powder or Cap: For flintlock or percussion lock muzzleloaders, this ignites the main charge when the trigger is pulled.

Each of these components must be measured and loaded correctly to prevent misfires, hangfires, or other safety issues. The Shotgun Shooting merit badge teaches Scouts to respect the importance of these details while handling and firing a muzzleloading shotgun. By mastering the process, Scouts gain the confidence and skills to use these historic firearms safely and effectively.

Safe Loading Procedures for a Muzzleloading Shotgun

The Shotgun Shooting merit badge teaches Scouts how to safely load a muzzleloading shotgun. Following the correct steps and using the right accessories is essential to ensure safety and proper function.

Proper Procedures for Loading a Muzzleloading Shotgun:

1. Ensure the shotgun is clean and unloaded: Always inspect the barrel to make sure it is clear of obstructions before loading.
2. Prepare the components: Measure the correct amount of black powder, gather the wads, shot, and other necessary items.
3. Measure the powder: Use a powder measure to load the exact charge recommended for the shotgun. Never guess or pour directly from the powder container into the barrel.
4. Load the powder: Pour the measured powder into the barrel through the muzzle.
5. Insert the wad: Place a wad over the powder, then use the ramrod to push it down firmly against the powder.
6. Add the shot: Pour the correct amount of shot into the barrel.
7. Insert the over-shot wad: Place another wad on top of the shot to hold it in place. Use the ramrod to gently tamp it down.
8. Prime the firearm: Add the priming powder to the pan (for flintlocks) or place a percussion cap on the nipple (for percussion locks). Do this only when ready to fire.

Accessories Needed for Safe Loading:

• Powder measure: For accurate measurement of black powder.
• Ramrod: To safely push the components into the barrel.
• Wads and patches: To seal the barrel and keep the shot in place.
• Powder flask: A safe container for storing black powder.
• Capper: For placing percussion caps securely.

By following these steps and using the correct tools, Scouts ensure a safe and efficient loading process. The Shotgun Shooting merit badge emphasizes these procedures to teach responsibility and care when working with muzzleloading shotguns. These skills build confidence and respect for firearms.

Troubleshooting a Muzzleloading Shotgun: Misfire, Hangfire, and Squib Fire

The Shotgun Shooting merit badge teaches Scouts how to handle malfunctions in a muzzleloading shotgun. Issues like misfires, hangfires, and squib fires can occur and must be dealt with carefully to maintain safety.

Causes of Failure to Fire:
A muzzleloading shotgun may fail to fire due to:

• Damp or improperly stored black powder
• A blocked or dirty flash hole or nipple
• A weak or faulty flint or percussion cap
• Loose or improperly seated components in the barrel

Types of Malfunctions:

Misfire: A misfire occurs when the trigger is pulled, but the gun does not fire.

• Preventive Measures: Ensure the powder is dry and properly loaded. Maintain the flash hole or nipple and check the flint or cap for defects.
• Response: Keep the muzzle pointed in a safe direction. Wait at least 30 seconds in case of a hangfire, then remove the priming charge or cap and inspect the flash hole or nipple for obstructions. Reload if necessary.

Hangfire: A hangfire is a delayed ignition of the main charge after pulling the trigger.

• Preventive Measures: Use high-quality, dry powder and ensure the ignition path is clean and clear.
• Response: Keep the muzzle pointed in a safe direction and wait at least 30 seconds to allow the delayed ignition to occur safely. If it does not fire, follow the misfire procedures.

Squib Fire: A squib fire occurs when the powder does not fully ignite, causing the shot or projectile to become lodged in the barrel.

• Preventive Measures: Use the correct amount of powder and ensure all components are seated properly. Avoid reusing old or damp powder.
• Response: Stop shooting immediately. Keep the muzzle pointed in a safe direction. Use a ramrod to carefully check the barrel for obstructions and clear it before reloading.

The Shotgun Shooting merit badge emphasizes understanding and addressing these malfunctions to ensure safety. By following these preventive measures and responses, Scouts learn to handle muzzleloading shotguns responsibly and with confidence.

Safe Shooting of a Muzzleloading Shotgun on a Range

The Shotgun Shooting merit badge teaches Scouts the skills and attitude needed to safely handle and shoot a muzzleloading shotgun. Understanding and following range procedures and commands ensures a safe and enjoyable experience for everyone.

Steps for Shooting a Muzzleloading Shotgun Safely:

1. Preparation: Ensure the shotgun is clean and in working condition. Gather all necessary components, including black powder, wads, shot, and primers or flints.
2. Load Correctly: Follow proper loading procedures, ensuring the powder, wads, and shot are measured accurately and seated securely.
3. Safety Gear: Wear appropriate eye and hearing protection.
4. Follow Range Rules: Always listen to the range officer and follow the commands carefully.

Common Range Commands for Muzzleloading Shotguns:

• “Load”: You may load the shotgun, adding the powder, wads, and shot as instructed.
• “Prime”: Add the priming charge or place the percussion cap on the nipple. This command is given when it is safe to prepare the shotgun for firing.
• “Ready on the Line”: Indicates that shooters should prepare to fire. Ensure you are in the proper position and ready to shoot.
• “Fire”: You may fire your shot when ready, keeping the muzzle pointed downrange.
• “Cease Fire”: Stop firing immediately and wait for further instructions. Keep the muzzle pointed in a safe direction and do not touch the firearm.
• “Clear the Line”: Make sure your shotgun is unloaded and safe, then step back from the firing line.

Key Attitudes and Skills:

• Stay focused on safety at all times.
• Communicate clearly with the range officer and other shooters.
• Handle the shotgun with confidence and respect, demonstrating good muzzle control.

The Shotgun Shooting merit badge emphasizes these procedures and commands to teach Scouts how to shoot responsibly and safely. By mastering these skills and attitudes, Scouts gain confidence and a solid foundation for participating in shooting sports.

Cleaning a Muzzleloading Shotgun Safely

The Shotgun Shooting merit badge teaches Scouts the importance of regular cleaning to maintain a muzzleloading shotgun. Cleaning prevents corrosion, ensures proper function, and promotes safe shooting. Following safety rules and using the correct materials are essential for this process.

Basic Safety Rules for Cleaning a Muzzleloading Shotgun:

1. Unload the shotgun: Always ensure the barrel is completely unloaded, with no powder, wads, or shot inside.
2. Keep the muzzle pointed in a safe direction: Even when cleaning, always treat the firearm with respect.
3. Work in a well-ventilated area: Cleaning solutions can produce fumes, so ensure good airflow.
4. Use proper tools: Avoid using makeshift items that could damage the barrel or other parts.
5. Keep components organized: Handle small parts like the nipple or flint carefully to avoid losing them.

Materials Needed for Cleaning:

• Cleaning rod with attachments (jag, brush, and patch holder)
• Cleaning patches
• Hot soapy water or a black powder solvent
• Bore brush
• Nipple wrench (for percussion locks)
• Soft cloth or rags
• Gun oil or lubricant

Steps to Clean a Muzzleloading Shotgun:

1. Disassemble: Remove the barrel and other components following the manufacturer’s instructions.
2. Clean the barrel:
   • Fill the barrel with hot soapy water or a black powder solvent.
   • Use a bore brush to loosen residue, then run cleaning patches through until they come out clean.
3. Clean small parts: Soak the nipple or flash hole in solvent, then scrub with a small brush.
4. Dry thoroughly: Use a clean patch or cloth to dry the barrel and all components completely to prevent rust.
5. Lubricate: Apply a light coat of gun oil to the barrel, lock, and other metal parts to protect against corrosion.
6. Reassemble and inspect: Put the shotgun back together and ensure everything functions correctly.

The Shotgun Shooting merit badge emphasizes the importance of proper cleaning to keep muzzleloading shotguns safe and reliable. By following these steps and using the correct materials, Scouts develop the knowledge and skills to care for these historic firearms responsibly.

Choosing the Right Muzzleloading Shotgun

The Shotgun Shooting merit badge teaches Scouts to evaluate firearms carefully before making a choice. Selecting a muzzleloading shotgun requires understanding its purpose, how it fits the shooter, and its specific features.

• Purpose: Determine what the muzzleloading shotgun will be used for. If it’s for hunting, consider the type of game and environment. For recreational shooting, ensure the shotgun meets range requirements.
• Gauge: Like modern shotguns, muzzleloaders come in different gauges. A 12-gauge is versatile and powerful, while a 20-gauge might be more suitable for smaller game or lighter recoil.
• Action Type: Most muzzleloading shotguns use either flintlock or percussion lock mechanisms. Flintlocks are historically significant and require more skill, while percussion locks are simpler and more reliable.
• Fit: The shotgun should fit comfortably against your shoulder and allow for proper aim. Consider the length of pull and overall weight, especially for younger or smaller shooters.
• Ease of Maintenance: Muzzleloaders require regular cleaning to function well. Choose a shotgun with easily removable parts for easier maintenance.
• Cost: Match your budget with the shotgun’s features and quality. There are affordable options that still meet safety and performance standards.

The Shotgun Shooting merit badge helps Scouts understand these factors so they can make informed decisions. By selecting the right muzzleloading shotgun, Scouts can enjoy their shooting activities while learning to handle the firearm responsibly and effectively.

Shooting a Moving Target with a Muzzleloading Shotgun

The Shotgun Shooting merit badge helps Scouts develop the skills needed to hit moving targets with a muzzleloading shotgun. To be successful, Scouts must use the four fundamentals of firing a shot: position, mount, vision, and movement.

Position:
Start with a balanced stance. Your feet should be shoulder-width apart, with one foot slightly forward for stability. Keep your knees slightly bent and lean forward slightly to absorb the shotgun’s recoil. A steady position helps you track the target smoothly.

Mount:
Mounting the shotgun correctly is key to accuracy. Bring the stock firmly to your shoulder and align it with your cheek. This creates a straight line between your eye and the barrel, helping you aim consistently. Practice mounting the shotgun to ensure it feels natural.

Vision:
Focus on the target, not the barrel of the shotgun. Your eyes and brain work together to judge the speed and direction of the target. Staying locked on the moving target improves your chances of hitting it.

Movement:
Track the target with smooth, controlled movements. Lead the target slightly by aiming ahead of its path to account for its motion. Follow through by keeping the shotgun moving as you fire, ensuring your shot stays aligned with the target.

The Shotgun Shooting merit badge emphasizes these fundamentals to build confidence and accuracy. Shooting moving targets with a muzzleloading shotgun can be challenging, but mastering these techniques helps Scouts improve their skills while practicing safety and control.

Applying Firearm Skills to Hobbies or Careers

The Shotgun Shooting merit badge provides Scouts with a foundation for the safe and responsible use of firearms. These skills can be applied to a variety of personal hobbies or even professional careers. With additional training and involvement in shooting sports or related fields, Scouts can develop their interests further and set meaningful goals.

Hobbies and Careers:
The knowledge gained from the Shotgun Shooting merit badge can lead to hobbies like trap, skeet, or sporting clays, which are popular and enjoyable shooting sports. For those interested in hunting, these skills are essential for ethical and responsible game management. Professionally, careers such as wildlife conservation, law enforcement, competitive shooting, or firearms instruction can align with these skills.

Additional Training and Costs:
To pursue these interests, you may need further training. For hobbies, consider joining local shooting clubs or participating in youth leagues like the Scholastic Clay Target Program (SCTP). For careers, certifications like becoming a firearms safety instructor or attending a law enforcement academy might be necessary. Costs can include firearms, ammunition, safety gear, club memberships, and training fees, which vary depending on your goals.

Affiliations and Organizations:
Organizations like the National Rifle Association (NRA), U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, or local sportsman’s clubs offer resources, training programs, and competitions. Joining these groups can help you connect with others who share your interests and provide valuable mentorship opportunities.

Goals:
In the short term, you might aim to improve your accuracy, participate in local shooting events, or explore beginner hunting trips. Long-term goals could include achieving certifications, competing in national events, or even pursuing a career in conservation or law enforcement.

The Shotgun Shooting merit badge emphasizes the importance of using firearms safely and responsibly. By building on these skills, Scouts can pursue rewarding hobbies or careers that align with their interests while making a positive impact on their communities.

Shotgun Shooting Troop Program Feature for Scouts BSA

The Shotgun Shooting troop program feature helps Scouts build confidence and skills in shotgun shooting. It focuses on safe gun handling, understanding shotgun parts, and improving accuracy through hands-on practice. Scouts explore different types of shotguns, ammunition, and shooting sports like trap and skeet. These activities provide a fun and engaging way to develop focus, responsibility, and teamwork. Earning the Shotgun Shooting merit badge is often part of this experience.

The program also includes exciting events like field trips to shooting ranges, campouts with shooting activities, and even sporting clays tournaments. These events let Scouts apply what they’ve learned in real-world settings while working toward the Shotgun Shooting merit badge or other shooting awards. By participating, Scouts gain valuable experience, enjoy friendly competition, and deepen their appreciation for shooting sports in a safe and supportive environment.

More Merit Badge Resources

Merit badges let Scouts explore exciting new skills, hobbies, and careers. With more than 100 options to choose from, there’s something for everyone. You can learn about outdoor adventure, science, health, trades, and more. Earning a merit badge like the Shotgun Shooting merit badge helps Scouts gain confidence and develop valuable skills. Scouts can start earning merit badges at any time, no matter their rank.

Merit badges, including the Shotgun Shooting merit badge, teach responsibility, safety, and new ways to have fun. They also let Scouts discover what they enjoy and might want to do in the future. Whether it’s learning about nature, trying a trade, or exploring a hobby, merit badges open the door to great opportunities. Talk to your Scoutmaster to get started and find a badge that fits your interests.

Learn More about Scouts BSA

Scouts BSA is a program for youth aged 11 to 17 that helps build leadership, character, and life skills. Scouts learn the values of the Scout Oath and Law while enjoying outdoor activities like camping and hiking. The program also offers a variety of advancement opportunities, including earning badges like the Shotgun Shooting merit badge, which teaches responsibility and skill development.

Through teamwork and leadership in the patrol system, Scouts participate in exciting activities and learn practical skills. Earning badges, such as the Shotgun Shooting merit badge, allows Scouts to explore hobbies and future careers while building confidence and independence. Scouts BSA helps youth grow into capable, ethical, and resilient individuals ready for life’s challenges.

What do you learn in the Shotgun Shooting merit badge?

In the Shotgun Shooting merit badge, you learn how to handle and shoot a shotgun safely. You practice skills like aiming, hitting targets, and following safety rules. You also learn about shotgun parts, ammunition, and cleaning.

Do I need to own a shotgun to earn the Shotgun Shooting merit badge?

No, you don’t need to own a shotgun. Many programs provide shotguns and safety equipment for Scouts to use during instruction and practice.

Is the Shotgun Shooting merit badge safe?

Yes, the Shotgun Shooting merit badge is safe when you follow the rules. Safety is the most important part of this badge. You will always work under the supervision of a trained instructor.

What types of shooting do you practice in the Shotgun Shooting merit badge?

You will practice hitting moving targets, such as clay pigeons. This includes shooting sports like trap, skeet, or sporting clays.

What is the hardest part of earning the Shotgun Shooting merit badge?

For many Scouts, hitting moving targets can be the most challenging part of the Shotgun Shooting merit badge. It takes practice to learn how to track and lead a target. Staying patient and focused helps improve your accuracy.

Do I need special equipment for the Shotgun Shooting merit badge?

You will need safety gear like eye and ear protection for the Shotgun Shooting merit badge. Most programs provide shotguns, ammunition, and targets, but it’s good to check with your instructor in advance.

Can I earn the Shotgun Shooting merit badge if I’ve never shot a gun before?

Yes! The Shotgun Shooting merit badge is designed for Scouts of all experience levels. You will learn everything you need to know, starting with basic safety and skills.

How long does it take to earn the Shotgun Shooting merit badge?

The time depends on how much practice you need to complete the requirements. Some Scouts can finish in a weekend, while others may need a few more practice sessions.

Why is cleaning a shotgun part of the Shotgun Shooting merit badge?

Cleaning a shotgun is important for safety and performance. You learn how to properly clean and maintain the firearm to keep it working well.

The Shotgun Shooting merit badge teaches Scouts how to safely handle and shoot a shotgun. It’s not just about hitting targets; it’s about learning responsibility, focus, and control. Scouts start by learning the basics of firearm safety, including handling, loading, and storage. These skills are the foundation for safe and enjoyable shooting.

Scouts also practice shooting at moving targets, like clay pigeons. This builds confidence and sharpens hand-eye coordination. It takes patience and practice to track and hit a moving object, but it’s rewarding when you succeed. Along the way, Scouts gain experience in different shooting sports, such as trap, skeet, and sporting clays.

The Shotgun Shooting merit badge also covers the technical side of shotguns. Scouts learn about the parts of a shotgun, the types of ammunition, and how to clean and maintain the firearm. This knowledge ensures that Scouts understand how shotguns work and how to keep them in good condition.

The Shotgun Shooting merit badge is perfect for Scouts who enjoy learning new skills and trying something exciting. It’s about more than just hitting targets—it’s about building confidence, responsibility, and lifelong habits of safety.